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The Northeast Region. Part 1: States of the Northeast, Geographic Characteristics, and Why People Settled There. States of the Northeast Each state is it’s own political region. Maine - ME Vermont - VT New Hampshire - NH Connecticut - CT Massachusetts - MA Rhode Island - RI
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The Northeast Region Part 1: States of the Northeast, Geographic Characteristics, and Why People Settled There
States of the Northeast Each state is it’s own political region. • Maine - ME • Vermont - VT • New Hampshire - NH • Connecticut - CT • Massachusetts - MA • Rhode Island - RI • New York - NY • New Jersey - NJ • Pennsylvania – PA
The Northeast Region of the U.S. • Geographic regions have distinctive characteristics. • distinctive – a quality or characteristic that sets something apart from other things. • The Northeast and New England have features making them excellent places for ports and harbors, as well as rivers for inland entry, and flatland for farming.
NE Region Physical Characteristics • Coastal Plains • Located along the Atlantic Coast. • Broad lowland provides many excellent harbors.
NE Region • The Northeast has resources and features which can support large communities. • The Northeast is located on the Atlantic Ocean. This facilitates transportation by sea.
Why did people move there? • Farming and fishing are an important industry in New York and New England.
Why did people move there? • Rivers such as the Hudson River facilitate transport inland.
Why did people move there? New York is the center of immigration.
Why did people move there? • Industry and jobs were established in the Northeast.
The Northeast – Part 2 Natural Resources, Its Development as a Trade Center, and Reasons for Development of Cities
Natural Resources • The presence of rich natural resources and the uses to which they have been put have made the Northeast not only a strong collection of communities, but a vibrant region for trade and development.
Transportation of Resources • Moving iron ore deposits to sites of steel mills – Pittsburgh.
Transportation of Resources • Shipping on the Erie Canal, Great Lakes, and Hudson River make New York the trading capital of the United States.
Natural Resources Examples of manufacturing centers: • Textile – New England • Iron/steel – Pittsburgh • Lumber – New England • Fishing and shipping – New England and New York.
Development of Cities • Cities serve as centers of trade and have political, economic, and cultural significance. • New York, Boston, Pittsburgh, and Philadelphia.
Transportation of ResourcesRole of Railroads • Moving natural resources (copper, lead, and coal) to eastern factories. • Moving iron ore deposits to sites of steel mills (Pittsburgh). • Transporting finished products to national and international markets. • Advances in transportation linked resources, products, and markets.
Examples of Manufacturing Areas • Manufacturing areas were clustered near centers of population, and major transportation hubs. • New England – Textile industry • Pittsburgh – Steel industry • New York - Multiple Industries
Levels of Economic Activity • Primary – dealing directly with resources (fishing, farming, forestry, and mining) • Secondary – manufacturing and processing (steel mills, automobile assembly, sawmills) • Tertiary – services (transportation, retail trade, informational technology) • Resources are not distributed equally.
Effects of Unequal Distribution of Resources • The location of resources influences economic activity and patterns of land use. • Interdependence of nation/trade in goods, services, and resources. • Uneven economic development. • Energy producers and consumers. • Imperialism. • Conflict over control of resources. • A GOOD ECONOMY HAS EQUAL DISTRIBUTION OF RESOURCES!
Patterns of Land Use • Proximity of economic activity and natural resources. • Examples: • Coal & steel • Grain & cattle • Fishing & the ocean
Reasons for Developmentof Northeast Cities • Better Opportunities • Religious Freedom • Escape from Oppressive Governments • Adventure
Why did cities develop? • Specialized industry – steel industry in Pittsburgh • Immigration from other countries • Movement to urban settings for better jobs • Transportation hubs
The Northeast – Part 3 Ports, Physical Features, Importance of Rivers, and Uniqueness of the Region
Major Bodies of Water • Atlantic Ocean • Great Lakes • Hudson River • Connecticut River • Ohio River • Erie Canal • Susquehanna River
Important Understanding About Waterways • The United States has access to numerous and varied bodies of water. • These bodies of water support interaction among regions and among countries. • They also form borders between states and even other countries. (Canada)
Why are these bodies of water important? • Trade, transportation, and settlement. • Connection between port of New York and inland states.
Why are these bodies of water important? • Atlantic Ocean • Provides access to other areas of the world for trade. • Highway for explorers, early settlers, and immigrants.
Physical Characteristics • Coastal Plains located along Atlantic Coast. • Broad lowland provides many excellent harbors. • Bays and harbors in Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Philadelphia. • Farming in New York state and New England is productive.
Importance of Rivers • Hudson and Connecticut Rivers • Link to the Great Lakes and ports. • Trade and settlement. • Access to the Atlantic and the world.
Regions • Regions are areas of Earth’s surface which share unifying characteristics. • Regions may be defined by physical or cultural characteristics. • Regions are used to simplify the world for study and understanding.
Regions • Geography of the Northeast, and its economy, influenced the development of the population and industry of the region. • Regional landscapes reflect cultural characteristics of their inhabitants.
Why is the Northeast unique? • Physical Regions – ex. New England • Cultural Regions • Cultural Characteristics
Cultural Regions • Language • Ethnic • Religion • Economic • Political
Cultural Characteristics • Architecture – religious buildings and dwellings influenced by Europeans. • Statues and Monuments of local, national, or global importance – Statue of Liberty, Liberty Bell, etc. • European influence in art, music, education.