1 / 17

Introduction to: Bacteriophage Genetics

Introduction to: Bacteriophage Genetics. http://hiv.sourceforge.net/launch/. Why  ?. Bacteriophages are the bacterial equivalent to Viruses – we have learned a lot on Viral mechanisms from phages. Handling of phages is similar to handling of Viruses – just simpler!

mea
Télécharger la présentation

Introduction to: Bacteriophage Genetics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction to: Bacteriophage Genetics http://hiv.sourceforge.net/launch/

  2. Why ? • Bacteriophages are the bacterial equivalent to Viruses – we have learned a lot on Viral mechanisms from phages. • Handling of phages is similar to handling of Viruses – just simpler! • Viruses causes immediately life threatening diseases like SARS and EBOLA, chronically diseases like AIDS and cancer and everyday diseases like common cold and influenza. • Studies on phages was the single most important contributions to development of the “Molecular Biology”.

  3. Reports • Deadlines: • 2 weeks after completion: Tuesday April 8’th 2008. • No late reports will be accepted! • Questions: Tuesday April 1’st 13.15 – 15.00 in my office in 16.2 • Reports are delivered in my letter box: Ole Skovgaard in 18.1 • I must have corrected all reports before May 16’th 2008 - and you turn in corrected reports in due time that I can fulfill this!

  4. Viral life cycle, simple version: Picture from Brock 10’th Ed.

  5. Comparison of virus with cells: Phage receptors: lamB (malB) T6 tsx T1 tonB • Cell: Phage/Virus: • Protein Protein • DNA DNA or RNA • RNA • Lipider (Lipider) • Cellwall • components • - • Phages / Viruses feed on cells!

  6. Examples of different Coliphages R.G. Glass: Gene Function, Crohm Helm 1982 London

  7. Plating Plating: Pictures from Brock 10’th Ed.

  8. I: Genetic Recombination • Genetic distance: Distance % • Cotransduktion % • Centimorgan • Minutes • Bp

  9. II: Genetic complementation Figure 6.4: Cis-trans test. Drying of plates before spot tests: 10' @ 37 °C with fan.

  10. III: Induction of lysogenic bacteria Figure 6.5: Lytic and lysogenic cycle (Modified from: A. Lwoff: "Lysogeny" Bacterial Rev. 17:269-337 (1953) .

  11. III: Induction of lysogenic bacteria The cI857 protein is temperature sensitive: Active @ 30°C and inactive 42°C PE: Establishing lysogeny; requires cII PM: Maintains lysogeny, autoregulated by cI PL and PR: major early promoters of lysis

  12. IV: Restriction / Modification

  13. How to work efficiently in the lab: • Object: • Phage techniques and classical experiments. • Management of several ongoing parallel experiments: • Before starting an experiment: Study the manual. Compare text and flow diagrams. Make sure to understand the reason for each step. • Before leaving an experiment: Make sure you have the following for the next step(s): • Knowledge: what to do and why. • Materials: what you need and ready to use. • And then you can do the other experiment or have a break!

  14. Notes for the statistics: You have this formula: (3) Of which type is that?

  15. Notes for the statistics: For this formula: The standard deviation, s, is calculated as:

  16. Notes for the statistics: How can you estimate s? Theoretical: for a Poisson distribution s is given by: Estimate from the observed standard error, SE:

  17. Notes: • Practical: • Phages and cultures are place on your bench top. • Phages and cultures are diluted and ready for use. • Inspection of plates: Tuesday @ 13:00. • Questions for the report: • While reading the plates. • Tuesday, April 1’st 13.15 – 15.00 in my office in 16.2. • Safety: • Chloroform & chloroform waste stays in the fume hood. • Other?

More Related