1 / 18

C h e m i c a l B o n d i n g

C h e m i c a l B o n d i n g. V a l e n c e E l e c t r o n s. E l e c t r o n s i n t h e o u t e r e n e r g y l e v e l a r e c a l l e d v a l e n c e e l e c t r o n s .

mead
Télécharger la présentation

C h e m i c a l B o n d i n g

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. C h e m i c a l B o n d i n g

  2. V a l e n c e E l e c t r o n s • E l e c t r o n s i n t h e o u t e r e n e r g y l e v e l a r e c a l l e d v a l e n c e e l e c t r o n s . • I t i s t h e s e e l e c t r o n s t h a t d e t e r m i n e t h e f o r m a t i o n o f c h e m i c a l b o n d s .

  3. V a l e n c e E l e c t r o n s • C e r t a i n n u m b e r s o f v a l a n c e e l e c t r o n s a r e m o r e s t a b l e t h a n o t h e r s . • A t o m s w i l l g a i n o r l o s e e l e c t r o n s t o b e c o m e m o r e s t a b l e .

  4. C h e m i c a l B o n d T y p e s • I o n i c • C o v a l e n t • M e t a l l i c

  5. I o n i c B o n d E l e c t r o n s a r e t r a n s f e r r e d f r o m o n e a t o m t o a n o t h e r .

  6. E l e c t r o n T r a n s f e r L i t h i u m Neon

  7. I o n i c B o n d • W h e n t h i s h a p p e n s , t h e c h a r g e s w i t h i n e a c h a t o m a r e n o l o n g e r b a l a n c e d . • T h e a t o m s h a v e b e c o m e i o n s - o n e w i t h a p o s i t i v e c h a r g e , t h e o t h e r w i t h a n e g a t i v e c h a r g e .

  8. C o v a l e n t B o n d E l e c t r o n s a r e s h a r e d b e t w e e n a t o m s .

  9. C o v a l e n t B o n d • T h e n u c l e u s o f b o t h a t o m s h a s a n e q u a l a t t r a c t i o n f o r t h e e l e c t r o n s . • T h e s h a r e d e l e c t r o n s s p e n d m o s t o f t h e i r t i m e b e t w e e n t h e t w o a t o m s .

  10. Polar covalent B o n d Atoms share the electron unequally, There is a slight difference in charge between the two poles of the bond; water is an example.

  11. Hydrogen Bonding In a hydrogen bond, an atom or a molecule interacts weakly with a hydrogen atom already taking part in a polar covalent bond.

  12. I o n i z a t i o n E n e r g y • T h e e n e r g y n e e d e d t o r e m o v e a n e l e c t r o n f r o m a n a t o m . • T h e a t t r a c t i o n b e t w e e n t h e n e g a t i v e l y c h a r g e d e l e c t r o n a n d t h e p o s i t i v e l y c h a r g e d n u c l e u s m u s t b e o v e r c o m e .

  13. E l e c t r o n A f f i n i t y • T h e t e n d e n c y o f a n a t o m t o a t t r a c t e l e c t r o n s . • M e t a l s h a v e a l o w e l e c t r o n a f f i n i t y . • N o n m e t a l s h a v e a h i g h e l e c t r o n a f f i n i t y .

  14. D i a t o m i c M o l e c u l e s C o v a l e n t b o n d i n g o c c u r s b e t w e e n a t o m s o f t h e s a m e e l e m e n t .

  15. D i a t o m i c M o l e c u l e s 7 H y d r o g e n N i t r o g e n O x y g e n F l o r i n e C h l o r i n e B r o m i n e I o d i n e

  16. P o l y a t o m i c I o n s • A g r o u p o f c o v a l e n t l y b o n d e d a t o m s a c t i n g l i k e a s i n g l e a t o m w h e n f o r m i n g c o m p o u n d s . • T h i s g r o u p o f a t o m s i s n o t e l e c t r i c a l l y b a l a n c e d a n d h a s a n o v e r a l l c h a r g e .

  17. P r e d i c t i n g B o n d T y p e s • W i l l t h e s e p a i r s f o r m i o n i c o r c o v a l e n t b o n d s ? • s o d i u m & c h l o r i n e • c a l c i u m & o x y g e n • c a r b o n & o x y g e n • a l u m i n u m & s u l f u r

  18. C h e m i c a l B o n d i n g E n d

More Related