1 / 32

Unit 6: Second-Generation HIV/AIDS Surveillance

Unit 6: Second-Generation HIV/AIDS Surveillance. #1-6-1. Warm Up Questions: Instructions. Take five minutes now to try the Unit 6 warm up questions in your manual. Please do not compare answers with other participants. Your answers will not be collected or graded.

megara
Télécharger la présentation

Unit 6: Second-Generation HIV/AIDS Surveillance

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Unit 6: Second-Generation HIV/AIDS Surveillance #1-6-1

  2. Warm Up Questions: Instructions • Take five minutes now to try the Unit 6 warm up questions in your manual. • Please do not compare answers with other participants. • Your answers will not be collected or graded. • We will review your answers at the end of the unit. #1-6-2

  3. What You Will Learn • By the end of this unit you should be able to: • describe the concept of second-generation surveillance • discuss the various elements of a second-generation HIV surveillance system #1-6-3

  4. Second-Generation HIV Surveillance • Developed by the WHO and UNAIDS as a response to the increasing complexity of the HIV epidemic • Outlines more sophisticated surveillance activities • Provides a more comprehensive understanding of epidemic trends • Improves effectiveness of control and prevention efforts #1-6-4

  5. Figure 6.1. The Components of Second-Generation Surveillance #1-6-5

  6. Goals of Second-GenerationHIV Surveillance • Better understanding of trends over time • Better understanding of behaviours driving the epidemic in a country • Increased focus on sub-populations at highest risk for infection • Flexible to change with the stage of epidemic #1-6-7

  7. Table 6.1. Biological Indicators • HIV prevalence • STI incidence and prevalence • TB prevalence • number of adult AIDS cases • number of pediatric AIDS cases #1-6-8

  8. Table 6.1. Behavioural Indicators • sex with a non-regular partner in last 12 months • condom use at last sex with non-regular partner • age at first sex for youth • use of unclean injection equipment by drug injectors • reported number of clients in the last week by sex workers #1-6-9

  9. Table 6.1. Socio-demographic Indicators • age, sex • socio-economic and educational status • residency or migration status • parity (for antenatal sites) • marital status #1-6-10

  10. Table 6.2. Basic Data Collection Methods • Sentinel surveillance in defined sub-populations (such as antenatal clinic attendees, STI clinic patients, sex workers) • Serial cross-sectional behavioural surveys in high-risk sub-populations • Regular HIV screening of donated blood • AIDS case surveillance #1-6-11

  11. Table 6.2. Additional Data Collection Methods • Regular screening of occupational cohorts or other sub-populations (such as factory workers, military recruits) • HIV screening of specimens taken in general population surveys • Serial cross-sectional behavioural surveys in the general population • HIV case surveillance #1-6-12

  12. Table 6.2. Additional Data Collection Methods, Cont. • Death registration and mortality surveillance • STI and TB surveillance • Data from VCT and treatment programmes #1-6-13

  13. Figure 6.2. HIV Prevalence and CondomUse Among Female Sex Workers, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 1992-98 Year Source: Ghys et al. AIDS 2001. #1-6-14

  14. Stages of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic • low-level (Madagascar, Seychelles) • confined to persons with high-risk behavior • not above 5% in any sub-population • concentrated (Mauritania, Senegal) • above 5% in one or more risk populations • not above 1% in ANCs or pregnant women in urban areas • generalised (most of sub-Saharan Africa) • well established in general population • consistently above 1% in ANCs or pregnant women in urban areas #1-6-15

  15. Surveillance Needs for Low-Level Epidemics • Are there groups with risk behaviours? • What are the main risk behaviours? • How much HIV infection is there? • Who else might be affected and to what extent? Note: this information corresponds to Table 6.3 in your participant manual #1-6-16

  16. Surveillance Needs for Concentrated Epidemics How much HIV infection is there? What are the main risk behaviours and how do they change over time? Who else might be affected and to what extent? Note: This information corresponds to Table 6.4 in your participant manual #1-6-17

  17. Surveillance Needs for Generalised Epidemics • What are the trends in HIV infection? • Is behaviour changing? • Do recorded changes help explain trends in HIV infection? • What is the impact of HIV? Note: This information corresponds to Table 6.5 in your participant manual #1-6-18

  18. In Summary • The goal of second-generation HIV surveillance is to provide a more complete picture of the HIV/AIDS epidemic using surveillance methods that are flexible. • The components that may be used include behavioural surveillance, HIV/AIDS case reporting, death registration and STI surveillance. #1-6-19

  19. Warm Up Review • Take a few minutes now to look back at your answers to the warm up questions at the beginning of the unit. • Make any changes you want to. • We will discuss the questions and answers in a few minutes. #1-6-20

  20. Answers to Warm Up Questions 1. Which of the following is the goal of second-generation HIV surveillance? a. better understanding of behaviors driving the epidemic b. surveillance more focused on sub-populations at highest risk for infection c. surveillance of the children of patients who acquired HIV in the first wave of infections d. a and b e. none of the above #1-6-21

  21. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. 1. Which of the following is the goal of second-generation HIV surveillance? a. better understanding of behaviors driving the epidemic b. surveillance more focused on sub-populations at highest risk for infection c. surveillance of the children of patients who acquired HIV in the first wave of infections d. a and b e. none of the above #1-6-22

  22. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. 2. The types of elements included in second-generation surveillance vary according to the type of epidemic. List the three types of HIV/AIDS epidemics. #1-6-23

  23. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. 2. The types of elements included in second-generation surveillance vary according to the type of epidemic. List the three types of HIV/AIDS epidemics. Low-level, concentrated, generalised #1-6-24

  24. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. 3. True or false? Second-generation surveillance is flexible and can change with the needs and state of the epidemic in a particular country. #1-6-25

  25. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. 3. True or false? Second-generation surveillance is flexible and can change with the needs and state of the epidemic in a particular country. True #1-6-26

  26. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. • Which of the following is not yet a regular element of second-generation surveillance? • Screening of donated blood • Behavioural surveillance • Surveillance for coexisting opportunistic infections • AIDS surveillance #1-6-27

  27. Answers to Warm Up Questions, Cont. • Which of the following is not yet a regular element of second-generation surveillance? • Screening of donated blood • Behavioural surveillance • Surveillance for coexisting opportunistic infections • AIDS surveillance #1-6-28

  28. Small Group Discussion: Instructions • Get into small groups to discuss these questions. • Choose a speaker for your group who will report back to the class. #1-6-29

  29. Small Group Reports • Select one member from your group to present your answers. • Discuss with the rest of the class. #1-6-30

  30. Case Study: Instructions • Try this case study individually. • We’ll discuss the answers in class. #1-6-31

  31. Case Study Review • Follow along as we go over the case study in class. • Discuss your answers with the rest of the class. #1-6-32

  32. Questions, Process Check • Do you have any questions on the information we just covered? • Are you happy with how we worked on Unit 6? • Do you want to try something different that will help the group? #1-6-33

More Related