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STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION-ORIENTED LAND USE IN GERMANY

Conservation-oriented land use, especially regarding the requirements of Natura 2000, is one of the most important instruments of nature conservation and landscape management in Germany Goal: Conserve or restore diversity depending on specific site conditions and differentiated land use

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STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION-ORIENTED LAND USE IN GERMANY

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  1. Conservation-oriented land use, especially regarding the requirements of Natura 2000, is one of the most important instruments of nature conservation and landscape management in Germany Goal: Conserve or restore diversity depending on specific site conditions and differentiated land use Thereby securing habitats of plant and animal species Methods: landscape management and nature conservation measures conservation-oriented land use in cultural landscapes STRATEGY FOR CONSERVATION-ORIENTED LAND USE IN GERMANY

  2. Programmes with EU co-financing European Agricultural Fund for Regional Development (EAFRD, German ELER): agri-environmental and aqua-environmental programmes LIFE-Nature; LIFE + INTERREG Leader + Federal programmes Projects of nationwide interest for nature conservation Research-, development and experimental projects State programmes (e.g.) Bayern Netz Natur Nature conservation guideline in Saxony Special Funds (e.g.) Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt, Naturschutzfonds (BY), LANU (Saxony) Financial instruments for conservation-oriented land use and nature conservation measures in Natura 2000-sites

  3. Goals and criteria for conservation-oriented land useand nature conservation programmes Target areas for these programmes are: • Natura 2000-Areas (Sites of community interest - SCI and Special protection areas - SPA) • Nature reserves and natural monuments • Legally protected biotopes • Buffer zones for sensitive (esp. aquatic) habitats • Areas of importance for habitat and biotope connection • Habitats of threatened species (e.g. species from Annexes II und IV of the Habitat Directive, Annex I of Bird Directive, highly threatened or endangered species – Red List category 1 or 2)

  4. Overview on conservation-oriented land useand nature conservation programmes (VNP) in Bavaria per district Total area VNP: XXX ha As per: July 2006

  5. Goals and criteria for conservation-oriented land useand nature conservation programmes Target areas for nature-oriented land use and nature conservation measures in Saxony comprise about 78.000 ha

  6. Who is eligible? Farmers Fishermen Nature conservation societies Private owners Municipal structures Religious communities Who is responsible? Nature conservation agencies evaluate nature conservation criteria, choose appropriate measures control fulfilment of nature conservation goals handout subsidies for nature conservation programmes Agricultural agencies control agricultural land use, land parcels etc. handout subsidies for agri-environmental measures Participation and responsibilities in agri-environmental and nature conservation programmes

  7. Conservation-oriented land use within the agri-environmental programme (EAFRD/ELER)

  8. In highly productive agricultural areas (good soils, intensively used grassland and arable land): - agree to conservation-oriented farming practices to counteract intensification, - adapt farming practices to specific conservation goals. Goals of conservation-oriented land use within the agri-environmental programme (EAFRD/ELER) The programme has two main goals: In disadvantaged agricultural areas (mountains, low soil quality, often Natura 2000-sites): - agree to conservation-orientedfarming practices to conserve habitats which have been created by extensive land use- to counteract cessation of agricultural use (e.g. in mountain meadows).

  9. No application of herbicides in the sense of VO (EWG) No. 2092/91 No construction or restoration of drainage and irrigation systems (exceptions only in agreement with nature conservation agencies) Permanent use of grassland without ploughing Presentation of land use areas (land parcels – LPIS) in digital form or other map formats Exact documentation of all measures on the selected areas in relation to the land parcels No deposition of any material on the selected areas Agreement to control or monitoring investigations by state agencies or contracted researchers Fallow areas cover only up to a maximum of 5% of selected area Prerequisites for participation in conservation-oriented agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER)

  10. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria 2007-2013 regarding grassland • Biotope type “ Arable land” Basic performances 1.1 Extensive arable land use for soil breeding bird species and wild herbs no cultivation of corn, sugar, potatoes, tree foil, lucerne (alfalfa) Euro 153,00-350,00/ha (depending on soil type) 1.2 Fallow area on arable land with natural growth of wild herbs(no seeding) Euro 178,00; Euro 370,00; Euro 450,00 (depending on soil type) Additional performances0.1 No fertilizing and chemical herbicides Euro 314,00/ha0.2 No mineral and organic fertilizers (only solid organic fertilizer) and chemical herbicides Euro 261,00/ha 0.3 Increased labour and machine force needed Euro 35,00 – 220,00/ha

  11. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria 2007-2013 regarding grassland 2. Biotope type “Grassland” - management with reduced intensity Basic performances • Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing and herbicides first cut after June 1st Euro 86,00/ha first cut after June 15th Euro 163,00/ha first cut after July or August 1st Euro 186,00/ha first cut after September 1st Euro 239,00/ha • Protection of beaver habitats* • no mowing until August 31st Euro 186,00/ha for meadows with 2 cuts • no mowing until August 31st Euro 319,00/ha for meadows with 3 cuts Additional performances0.1 No fertilizing and herbicides Euro 178,00 0.2 No mineral and organic fertilizers (only solid organic fertilizer) Euro 119,00/ha 0.3 Increased labour and machine force needed Euro 45,00 – 650,00/ha * Not to be combined with any ‘additional performances’

  12. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria 2007-2013 regarding grassland 3. Biotope type “Pasture land” - Conservation-oriented management of traditional pasture landscapes with reduced intensity Basic performances exploitation of pastures with sheep, gooses or horses Euro 270,00/haexploitation of pastures with cows Euro 118,00 – 289,00/ha Additional aspects0.3 Increased labour and machine force needed Euro 50,00 – 345,00/ha

  13. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Bavaria 2007-2013 regarding grassland 4. Biotop type “ponds” Basic performances 4.1 Conservation of ecologically valuable ponds by reducing the quantity of carps and soil disturbing fish species subsidy according to share cane brake zone (Röhrichtzone) stage A: - 25% Euro 484,00/hastage B: 26-50% Euro 550,00/hastage C: > 51% Euro 464,00/ ha Additional aspects*0.3 Conservation and development of amphibian and dragon fly habitats:No use of predatory fisch and fish cultivation from 01.03 to 15.09. Euro 75,00/ha * Only possible with 4.1

  14. CONSERVATION-ORIENTED LAND USE AND NATURE CONSERVATION PROGRAMMES IN SAXONY • Financial instruments for implementing Natura 2000 • Programmes and measures, criteria • Responsibilities of stakeholders • Details of selected programmes • Chances and limitations • Dipl.-Ing. Marianne Badura – Twinning expert Germany • E-mail: m.badura@the-blue.net • Data for Federal State of Saxony from: Dr. Bernard Hachmöller, RP Dresden

  15. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Saxony 2007-2013 regarding grassland • Grassland management with reduced intensity a) pasture b) meadow • Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing before the first cut • Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing a) first cut after June 15th b) first cut after July 15th • Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing • three cuts for nutrient reduction • Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing • no mowing between June 10th and September 15th • Conservation-oriented pasture • Free-range sheep pasture a) for grassland b) for other habitats (e.g. heath) • Large-scale pastures used over the whole year • Management of orchard meadows (mowing or grazing, tree clipping) • Fallow areas and strips in grassland

  16. Regulations for conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing before the first cut at least one cut per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers before the first cut First cut after 15.6. Finish of first cut including removal of biomass before 31.7. Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Additional grazing after 1.8. possible Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony 2007-2013

  17. Regulations for conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing at least one cut per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers First cut after 15.6. /after 15.7. Finish of first cut including removal of biomass before 31.7./before 31.8. Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Additional grazing after 1.8. possible Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony 2007-2013

  18. Regulations for conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing – three cuts for nutrient removal at least three cuts per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers First cut after 1.6. Completion of first cut including removal of biomass before 1.7. Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony 2007-2013

  19. Regulations for Conservation-oriented use of meadows without fertilizing - no cutting between 10 June and 15 September at least one cut per year Removal of biomass No use of nitrogen fertilizers First cut before 10th June Second cut after 15th September No mechanical treatment of the soil surface Additional seeding only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Conservation-oriented use of meadows in Saxony 2007-2013

  20. Regulations: Grazing at least once a year No use of nitrogen fertilizers Not more than 4 „cattle units“/ha No additional feeding Agreement on type of animal species with the nature conservation agency Development on a grazing plan in agreement with the nature conservation agency At least 0,3 ha Conservation-oriented pasture in Saxony 2007-2013

  21. Regulations for conservation-oriented free-range sheep pasture: No use of nitrogen fertilizers No additional feeding Development on a grazing plan in agreement with the nature conservation agency Herds of sheep and/or goats Regulations for conservation-oriented large-scale pastures used over the whole year: From 0,3 to 0,6 “cattle units”/ha No use of nitrogen fertilizers Additional feeding only between December 15th and April 15th and only with hay Development of wooded areas possible At least 10 ha Conservation-oriented pasture in Saxony 2007-2013

  22. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Saxony 2007-2013 regarding arable land • Feeding habitat in winter (no ploughing until February 15th) • No cultivation in spring/ reproductive habitat for birds/amphibians (March 1st – April 30th) • Fallow areas and strips in arable land (mowing or ploughing every 2nd year, up to 5 ha) • Conservation-oriented use of arable land with reduction of herbicides and specified cultures (ploughing after September 15th, up to 10 ha)

  23. Planned programme elements of agri-environmental programmes (EAFRD/ELER) in Saxony 2007-2013 regarding ponds • Pond management • Conservation-oriented pond management with restrictions on intensity • Conservation-oriented pond management with restrictions on intensity and special protection measures for species and communities • Conservation-oriented pond management with special protection measures for species and communities • Increased fish input • Maintenance of pond habitats without use

  24. Exact documentation of all measures on the selected areas in relation to the land parcels No use of biocides No input of aquarium fish, no farming of waterfowl (including feeding) No commercial recreational activities (swimming, boat rental, angling) No construction of buildings in the shore area and on dams No construction of walls except for the outflow Changes in shore structures or removal of underwater or floating vegetation only after agreement of the nature conservation agency Creating conditions for saving and safely deporting amphibians and wild fish when fish is harvested Calcification and disinfection in agreement with the nature conservation agency Management measures in accordance to a management plan developed in agreement with fishery and nature conservation agencies Monitoring and evaluation of the ponds by the nature conservation agency Prerequisites for participation in conservation-oriented pond management in Saxony 2007-2013

  25. Guideline for funding nature conservation measures to secure natural biological diversity and the natural rural heritage in Saxony(Nature conservation guideline)

  26. Sustainable conservation of natural biological diversity and natural rural heritage by conservation and development of habitats or populations of wild animal and plants species, typical landscape elements and the historically grown diversity of the cultural landscape Goal of the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony

  27. Management of protected biotopes/habitats Improvement, regeneration or creation of protected biotopes/habitats Planning and Management of nature conservation measures Investment (i.e. mowing technology) Securing of land (i.e. purchase) for nature conservation purposes (by NGOs) Management of nature reserves or protected species Public information campaigns Complex nature conservation projects Nature conservation measures funded by the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony

  28. Management of habitats/biotopes according to the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony • Specific nature conservation measures for grassland, arable land and ponds as well as other valuable habitats • Measures not covered by the agri-environmental programme, i.e. mowing with special technology or by hand • Management and clearing of bush and shrub to secure and maintain threatened and protected landscape elements, biotopes and species • Conservation measures to secure protected and threatened species including their habitats and measures to avoid damage by these species

  29. Improvement, regeneration or creation of protected biotopes/habitatsaccording to the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony • Improvement, regeneration or creation of threatened or protected biotopes, habitats or landscape elements • i.e. regeneration or reconstruction of grassland, heath, ponds or rivers • Management, planting trees or clearing bush and shrub to regenerate or create threatened and protected landscape elements, biotopes and species • Conservation measures to regenerate threatened and protected species including their habitats • i.e. ex-situ and in-situ cultivation of rare species

  30. Management of nature reserves or protected species according to the „Nature conservation guideline“ in Saxony • Management, surveillance and documentation of selected protected areas which require regular public presence to secure the conservation goals by their importance, location, structure through: • Information and care for visitors to increase public acceptance • Monitoring of damage/threats for protected areas • Planning and documentation of conservation, management and development measures in the protected areas • Information and consulting for land users about possible nature conservation measures • Documentation of threatened and protected habitats and populations of threatened and protected species • Regular reporting to the nature conservation agency • Qualified yearly report about the management measures and their results

  31. Areas covered by agri-environmental and nature conservation measures in the Eastern Ore Mountains Pasture Nature conservation Mesophilic meadow Mountain meadow Wet meadow

  32. Overlap of areas covered by agro-environmental and nature conservation measures in the Eastern Ore Mountains with protected areas of European importance SCI „Mittelgebirgs- landschaft um Oelsen“ SCI „Müglitztal“ SCI and SPA „Geisingberg“ SPA „Fürstenau“ SPA „Kahleberg“ SCI „Grenzwiesen Fürstenau“

  33. Overlap of areas covered by agri-environmental and nature conservation measures in the Eastern Ore Mountains with occurence of threatened bird species Whinchat Common snipe Corncrake

  34. Development of populations of the orchid Dactylorhiza majalisin protected areas of the Eastern Ore mountains

  35. Development of populations of the orchid Orchis masculain protected areas of the Eastern Ore mountains

  36. Multumesc! – Vielen Dank!

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