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The United States of America

Constitution. The United States of America. Separation of Powers. Vocabulary. Separation of Powers. Power in the Federal Government that is divided between the Executive, Judicial and Legislative Branches. Vocabulary. Checks and Balances.

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The United States of America

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  1. Constitution TheUnited States of America Separation of Powers

  2. Vocabulary Separation of Powers Power in the Federal Government that is divided between the Executive, Judicial and Legislative Branches

  3. Vocabulary Checks and Balances Each branch of the government checks the power of the other branches

  4. Vocabulary Legislative Makes laws to govern our country

  5. Vocabulary Executive Carries out the laws that have been passed by the Legislature

  6. Vocabulary Judicial Interprets or defines the laws Headed by the Supreme Court

  7. Vocabulary Ratify To formally approve something

  8. Vocabulary Amend To change or revise something

  9. Vocabulary Article One of the sections of a document (like the US Constitution)

  10. How Should the Powers of the Government be Divided? • Who will make the laws? • Who will see that these laws are obeyed? • Who will make sure the laws are “good” laws?

  11. American Government Similar to the Structure of a Tree TrunkThe Constitution 3 BranchesLegislativeExecutiveJudicial

  12. American Government Similar to the Structure of a Tree TrunkThe Constitution 3 BranchesLegislativeExecutiveJudicial

  13. Separation of Powers Each branch has different responsibilities Checks & Balances Each branch looks out & checks to see if the other 2 branches are doing their jobs

  14. Legislative Branch Makes laws to govern the country Defined in the Great Compromise Includes the House of Representative & the Senate Checks the Judicial & Executive Branches

  15. Executive Branch Carries out the laws that are passed by the legislature Creates a chief executive Discussed having 2 leaders but much concern about lack of cooperation between the two leaders

  16. Executive Branch (cont.) Decided on one leader to be called “President” Checks the Legislative & Judicial Branches

  17. Judicial Branch Interprets or defines the laws (makes sure our laws are good) Headed by the Supreme Court Judges are appointed by the President & approved by the Senate Checks the Legislative & Executive Branch

  18. Checks & Balances • Prevents one branch from becoming too powerful • Each branch has its own specific responsibilities • Each branch has separate powers • Each branch checks the other 2 branches • Each branch is balanced

  19. September 17, 1787 Approved Constitution of the United States Sent the Constitution to the states to be ratified (approved)

  20. June 21, 1788 New Jersey became the 9th state to ratify the Constitution The amount required by the Articles of Confederation to become law

  21. United States began to function under the new government plan

  22. Benjamin Franklin Commented about a carved ½ sun on the back of his chair: The sun is rising Our country is on a fresh start as a new nation!

  23. Organization of the Constitution

  24. Divisions of the Constitution 1. Preamble • The introduction paragraph • We the people . . .

  25. Divisions of the Constitution 2. Main Body • 7 Articles • 1st 3 articles deal with the 3 separate branches of the government • Last 4 articles deal with the powers of the states and procedures to ratify and amend the Constitution

  26. Divisions of the Constitution 2. Main Body • Article 1 • Legislative Branch • Article 2 • Executive Branch • Article 3 • Judicial Branch

  27. Divisions of the Constitution 2. Main Body • Article 4 • Relationships Among States • Article 5 • Amending the Constitution • Article 6 • Supreme Law of the Land • Article 7 • Ratifying the Constitution

  28. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Changes to the Constitution • Currently 27 amendments

  29. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 1 • Freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly and petition • Amendment 2 • Right to bear arms • Amendment 3 • Quartering of soldiers

  30. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 4 • Searches and seizures • Amendment 5 • Life, liberty, and property • Amendment 6 • Rights of the accused

  31. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 7 • Right to trial by jury • Amendment 8 • Bail and punishment • Amendment 9 • Rights of the people

  32. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 10 • Rights of the state • Amendment 11 • Suits against states • Amendment 12 • Election of the President

  33. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 13 • Abolition of slavery • Amendment 14 • Civil rights in the states • Amendment 15 • Black suffrage

  34. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 16 • Income tax • Amendment 17 • Direct election of Senators • Amendment 18 • Prohibition

  35. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 19 • Women’s Suffrage • Amendment 20 • “Lame Duck” period • Amendment 21 • Repeal of Prohibition

  36. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 22 • Presidential term of office • Amendment 23 • Voting in the District of Columbia • Amendment 24 • Abolition of poll taxes

  37. Divisions of the Constitution 3. Amendments • Amendment 25 • Presidential disability and succession • Amendment 26 • Eighteen-year-old vote • Amendment 27 • Congressional pay raises

  38. Phrases or Sections in Italicized Italicized means script writing Indicates parts of the Constitution that are no longer in effect due to passage of time or changes made by Amendments

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