Claus Schultze , Policy Analyst, European Commission, DG REGIO, claus.schultze@ec.europa.eu

1. The future cohesion policy: clusters as critical instruments to implement smart specialisation TACTICS workshop 21 June Brussels Claus Schultze, Policy Analyst, European Commission, DG REGIO, claus.schultze@ec.europa.eu

2. … from fishtank

3. … to ecosystem

6. Respondingtoshortcomings in regional innovationpolicies • Fragmentation and duplication of public investments for R&D and innovation within and across regions • Lack of criticalmasses for innovation activities in regions • Lack of cooperationbetweenknowledgeeconomyactors: science,business, administration, social partners, creativeindividuals… • Missedopportunities in cross-border innovation (policies) • Prioritychoicesdriven by pressure from lobbies - short politicalcycles - weak strategic approaches- short termviews • Gap betweenpolicy documents and policy mixes – inertia • Insufficient drive, immature tools for outcome-drivenpolicies

7. Source: http://www.slideshare.net/ClusterExcellence/02-ketels-emerging-industriesday-2ecc-2012

8. Smart Specialisation ? = differentiation + cooperation, global value chains = concentration on priorities, problems and core needs, critical mass = diversification and economic transformation: cross-cluster + KETs, new forms of innovation = innovation as driver for structural change = fact-based: 'smart reconnaissance' = no top-down but process + shared vision: stakeholders + business = all innovation, not only science and research = ecosystems: creating environments for change

9. Fromsmartspecialisationto RIS3 • = ex-ante conditionality for smart use of SF in the future SF programming period 2014-2020:strengthening RTD/innovation and increasing access to ICT and its use • ≠ Operational Programme • To meet the ex-ante conditionality (ERDF and EAFRD): • Based on SWOTanalysis (including ICT) • Concentrate resources on a limited set of priorities • Encourages private investment in RTD • Monitoring and review system • Chapter on digital growth: balance of support to the demand and supply of ICT technologies; objectives "e-" • + derived from the NRPs: national level multi-annual plan for budgeting and prioritisation of investments linked to EU priorities. Cohesion Policy

10. SF 2014-2020: Thematicobjectives • Research and innovation • Information and Communication Technologies • Competitiveness of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SME) • Shift to a low-carbon economy • Climate change adaptation and risk management and prevention • Environmental protection and resource efficiency • Sustainable transport and disposal of congestion on major network infrastructure • Employment and support for labour mobility • Social inclusion and poverty reduction • Education, skills and lifelong learning • Increased institutional capacity and effectiveness of public administration smart Europa 2020 sustainable inclusive Cohesion Policy

11. … a process

12. https://community.oecd.org/community/smartspecialisation

13. … a snapshot

14. … role of clusters

15. … challenges

16. Does the strategy identify the main weaknesses in the national/regional innovation system? Does the strategy take account of key bottlenecks and ‘failures’ in the system? Does the strategy make use and propose ‘corrective measures’ with respect to outcomes of previous programmes /measures? What is the right balance of investment in support of the strategic objectives? Are all the ‘necessary and sufficient’ conditions in place for delivering the strategy? Is there evidence of ‘policy learning’ embedded in the strategy?

17. Example: Finnland

18. Example: Berlin/Brandenburg

19. … only for strong regions?

20. Source: Eurada - "No-Nonsense" Guide to build S³-minded Regions … execution matters

21. … and let's not forget • “Innovation has nothing to do with how many R&D dollars you have. When Apple came up with the Mac, IBM was spending at least 100 times more on R&D. It's not about money. It's about the people you have, how you're led, and how much you get it.” • Steve Jobs