A Top tip

1. A Top tip • The information you are about to receive is vital to your success • So make some notes

2. The Great Bristol GA 6th Form Competition March 2012 A Decision Making Exercise How effectively have the London Olympics sites met the urban regeneration and sustainability agenda thus far in the Lower Lea Valley http://www.web-candy.co.uk/clocks/london2012.htm

3. What you will be enlightened by • The London Olympic Vision • Background to the bid • The location of the Games • Why the location was chosen • The major stakeholders • Parallel case studies • The S.E.E impacts of large sporting events

4. The Vision • ‘The 2012 Games will improve life for people in London’s most deprived area. They will be a catalyst for the regeneration of London's east end and will provide affordable housing and quality living space for the people of Newham’, Barbara Cassani London Olympic Bid Vice Chair • ‘The London Games in 2012 will be far more than just a four week festival of sport. They will be quite simply the most sustainable ever – leaving a lasting legacy of jobs, homes and environmental improvements for East London, London and Britain’. Ken Livingstone, former Mayor of London. • ‘The Games will lift our international profile, attract inward investment and boost profits and jobs for everyone’. Sir Digby Jones, Director General of the Confederation of British Industry. • IOC say that successful Olympic hosts must show they are providing a sustainable legacy, lasting beyond the Olympics themselves.

5. Background to the bid • Bid for 2012 submitted July 2003 • Of the 9 bids submitted. IOC reduced choices to 5 by May 2004 • These were London, Madrid, Moscow, New York, and Paris • July 2005 Singapore the final announcement • London beat Paris in a close contest

6. Location of the London Olympics: the main site • The Lower Lea Valley • It is the boundary between the boroughs of Newham, Hackney, Waltham Forest and Tower Hamlets • The valley stretches for about 5 km between Stratford and the River Thames.

7. The main site: Before

8. The main site: During

9. Reasons for the choice of location: Lower Lea Valley • The Lower Lea Valley is home to one of the most deprived communities in the country. • Considered the largest remaining regeneration opportunity in inner London. • Unemployment is high • The public health record is poor. • It suffers from a lack of infrastructure. • Industry provided low-density employment. • Poor environmental quality - Fly tipping has been a major problem in the area for years + high levels of contaminated land.

10. Urban regeneration in East London Today East London is an area of regeneration with a rising population. It is made up of the London boroughs of Barking & Dagenham, Hackney, Havering, Newham, Redbridge, Tower Hamlets and Waltham Forest. The total area of this group of boroughs is 318.64 km² and the total population in 2004 was 1.5 million. East London, like many inner cities, suffered as a result of deindustrialisation, particularly between 1960-70 when the Docklands area was unable to compete with new container ports such as Tilbury and Felixstowe. The London Docklands urban Development Corporation (LDDC, 1981) and Enterprise Zone (1982) helped to regenerate the Docklands area. When the LDDC finished in 1998, the whole Docklands area had seen massive change and development. Its achievements included the establishment of a secondary financial district and the development of an improved transport

11. Social Indicators

12. Social Indicators

13. Economic Indicators

14. Multiple Deprivation Index Data • Income • Employment, • Health • deprivation and Disability, • Education Skills and Training, • Barriers to Housing and Services, • Crime the Living Environment.

15. People have more time and less money and opportunities. Petty crime often increases High unemployment Young people leave school with fewer qualifications People have less money to spend on goods and services Vicious Circle of decline The local council invests less in housing, roads and education Less taxes and business rates are paid to the local council

16. The London Olympics: Major sporting Infrastructure • Stadium • Aquatics • Velodrome • Hockey Centre • Basketball Arena • Athletes Village • Press Centre

17. Aquatics Centre Canary Wharf Location of the London Olympics: the main site Athlete’s Village The main Athletics Stadium Stratford International Rail link Basketball centre Hockey Centre River Lea The Velodrome

18. The Main Stadium

19. The Aquatics Centre

20. The Velodrome + BMX track

21. The Hockey Centre

22. The Basketball Centre

23. The Athletes Village and Stratford Rail link

24. Location of the London Olympics: the other sites London • The ExCel centre – boxing, Judo etc • The Millennium Dome - Gymnastics • Wembley - Football • Greenwich Park - Equestrian • Royal Artillery Barracks - shooting • Wimbledon - Tennis • Lords - Archery • Regents Park – Road race cycling Outside London • Weymouth – sailing • Dorney Lake - Rowing

25. Who are/were the major stakeholders / players? Organisers • Seb Coe – Chair London Organising Committee • Ken Livingstone Finance bodies • Private investors – fund staging of games (approx £2 billion) • Coke, McDonalds, Panasonic • BA, British Telecom, John Lewis, BP, Lloyds TSB • Central Government and other bodies fund infrastructure + venues (£……) • National Government (tax payers) – 64% • National lottery – 23% • Mayor of London + LDA (London Development Agency – 13%

26. Who are/were the major stakeholders / players?

27. Socio Economic Impacts Costs of games tripled to AU$6 billion Costs rose partially due to high cost of site decontamination AU$6 billion investment in infrastructure Net loss AU$2.1 billion Tourism numbers increased 2001. 1.6 million visitors spent AU$6 billion Tourism numbers decreased in 4 years after the event $2 billion received in TV rights, sponsorship + ticket sales Gentrification occurred + No affordable housing generated in Athletes village Athletes village fully sold off after games. Now home to 5000 (Newington) Environmental impacts Venues largely unused – white elephant although some reuse in 2003 Rugby World Cup 430 Hectares of ecologically significant wetland + remediated brownfield sites produced 40kms of cycle path and pedestrian footpaths created Water recycling system built. Now saves Sydney 850 m litres of drinking water / year Athletes village solar powered 95% of waste recycled in building phase Parallel Case Studies: The 2000 Sydney Olympics

28. Socio Economic Impacts Costs skyrocketed to over $9.3 billion Costs of maintaining the environment = $500 million annually Games Debt likely to take 2 decades to repay 21 of 22 venues now abandoned including hockey and kayaking Major stadium home to football team FC Panathinaikos so well used Athletes village not fully sold off after games as isolated + lacked service provision Environmental impacts Many venues abandoned + graffitied Olympics acted as catalyst for pedestrian walkways and metro system (now carries 600,000 a day) Solar panels were not installed on Athletes village due to spiralling costs Parallel Case Studies: The 2004 Athens Olympics

29. Classic Olympic issues: Social Impacts • Land rights • Gentrification + speculative developers • Social exclusion • Community displacement – Clay’s Lane • A genuine social Legacy of housing + services? • The feel good factor?

30. Not everyone is for the games

31. Classic Olympic issues: Economic Impacts • Overall spiralling costs? – Security? • Costs of developing a brownfield site • Impact on the local economy multiplier… • Job creation • Tourism footfall + spending • Rebranding / reimaging / regeneration • Investment in transport infrastructure

32. Investment in transport infrastructure

33. The costs and income of running the games

34. Classic Olympic issues:Environmentalimpacts • Brownfield site decontamination • Environmental sustainability of the site • Environmental Impact of the build • Energy supply + consumption • The impacts of Transport to / from and inside the venue(s) • Consumption during the games

35. How successful has regeneration been?

36. Green rules. How sustainable will the games be? • Use ‘brownfield’, not ‘greenfield’ sites. • Use or adapt existing materials, rather than build from scratch • Design and use environmentally friendly buildings and materials • Minimise adverse impacts of Olympic events on residents • Minimise waste, and recycle wherever possible • Protect native ecosystems, fauna or flora • Make Olympic sites fully accessible by public transport. • Manage water sustainably • Use energy efficiently • Create a local amenity and access for people

37. ‘Assess’, An exam tastic term • Assess = consider both sides of the argument and come to a considered conclusion • To do this… • Consider Costs Vs Benefits • Of various S.E.E.P impacts • Be balanced • But show complexity in your arguments ‘However’

38. Your BIG task Assess the success of the London Olympic Games in meeting regeneration and sustainability agendas thus far

39. Assess the success of the London Olympic Games in meeting regeneration and sustainability agendas thus far: The activity and the task • You have decide how far the Olympic games site have been successful with the regeneration and sustainability agenda. So consider both sides of the argument and come to a considered conclusion. • Consider Costs Vs Benefits. Use data. • But show complexity in your arguments ‘However’ • Include the views of the various stakeholders • Set the decision within the framework of sustainability. Remember to cover social, economic and environmental impacts

40. Getting started • Send a representative to collect an information pack • Read through the information in the packs • Then distribute the 5 tasks from the previous slide between the different members of the team • Send a representative to collect paper, pens etc • You have one hour before you presentation must be delivered to the judges • Good luck and remember unimaginable prizes, fame and glory for the winning team.

41. Spare stuff / templates for additional slides

42. Making decisions are never easy in Geography • A key element of geography and the working world is decision making • The key is.. • Be informed. Read up to give you breadth of understanding of the SEEP points (Social, Economic, Environmental and Political) • Then you can make an informed decision which will allow you to PEE (a great relief) • Identify your social, economic and environmental Points and consider the sustainability factor • Expand and explain your points • Support them with Evidence • Finally see the complexity ‘However’, Recognise your weaknesses and prepare your counter arguments