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Integration of LTR12C element and its expression in human TMOD1 gene

PBS. TSD. LTR. gag. pol. env. LTR. TSD. gag : coding for matrix and capsid proteins pol : reverse transcriptase and integrase proteins env : product viral envelope and transmembrane structures. Integration of LTR12C element and its expression in human TMOD1 gene

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Integration of LTR12C element and its expression in human TMOD1 gene

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  1. PBS TSD LTR gag pol env LTR TSD gag : coding for matrix and capsid proteins pol : reverse transcriptase and integrase proteins env : product viral envelope and transmembrane structures Integration of LTR12C element and its expression in human TMOD1 gene Yi-Deun Jung1, Jae-Won Huh1,2, Dae-Soo Kim3, Hong-Seok Ha1 and Heui-Soo Kim1 1 Division of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea 2 National Primate Research Center, KRIBB, Ochang, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea 3 Korea Bioinformation Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea http://www.primate.or.kr • Abstract TMOD1 (Tropomodulins) gene comprises a unique family of capping proteins for actin filament pointed end capping proteins with a characteristic leucine-rich-repeat at their C-terminus. In mammals, there are 4 Tmod genes with different expression profiles. Among that, the TMOD1 gene is only expressed in human heart muscle cells and has 9 exons encoding 360 amino acids at human chromosome 9q22.33. Within the intron 7 of the TMOD1 gene, several mobile elements including MIR, LINE, AluY and LTR12C are identified. LTR12C is included in ERV9 family which is low repeated family of human endogenous retroviral elements. ERV9 has close to 50 members and 4000 solitary LTRs al least. PCR amplification and sequencing data about LTR12C indicated that hominoids genome contained the LTR12C elements on those TMOD1 genes. Within the LTR12C sequences, the AluY was detected in gibbons only. The LTR12C element on TMOD1 gene was ubiquitously expressed in various human tissues by RT-PCR amplification. Taken together, we suggest that integration of the mobile genetic elements seem to have biological roles in human tissues. • Introduction • Materials & Methods Lipid envelope Receptor binding proteins Human & Primate genomic DNA RNase 8% Viral RNA Bioinformatics ( in silico analysis TMOD1 gene ) Genomic DNA PCR & Gene cloning LTR : long terminal repeat LINE : long integrated nuclear element SINE : short integrated nuclear element HERV : Human endogenous retro-virus Capsid : core proteins RT PCR ( Human original & EST form) Sequencing , Alignment • Results & Discussion • Sequencing & Alignment data TMOD1 (Tropododulin1) Chr 9 q22.33 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 1419 bp Alu Y L1MC4a (L1/LINE) L3 (CR1/LINE) MLT1F1 (MaLR/LTR) UTR CDS MIR3 (MIR/SINE) LINE3B (L1/LINE1) LTR12C (ERV/LTR) AluJo (Alu/SINE) AluY (Alu/SINE) AluSx (Alu/SINE) • Alternative splicing transcript 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 • HUMAN 7 8 1419 bp BE_393102 DA_586363 • Gibbon monkey (H. pileatus) BM_728482 Alu Y • RT-PCR (original transcript & EST form) • Detect LTR12C in primates Gi Jm Ch Go Or M Hu Rh Nm Cm M 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 : adrenal gland, 2 : bone marrow, 3 : adult brain cerebellum, 4 : adult brain whole, 5 : fetal brain, 6 : fetal liver, 7 : heart, 8 : kidney, 9 : liver, 10 : lung, 11 : placenta, 12 : salivary gland, 13 : SK-muscle, 14 : spinal cord, 15 : testis, 16 : prostate, 17 : thymus, 18 : thyroid, 19 : trachea, 20 : uterus • Reference 1. Robert S. Fischer and Velia M. Fowler, 2003. Tropomodulins: life at the slow end . TRENDS in Cell Biology .13, No.11 . 2. Gifford R. Tristem M, 2003. The evolution, distribution and diversity of endogenous retroviruses. Virus Genes. 26(3) : 291-315

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