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GOOD PRACTICES OF WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT IN NAGALAND

GOOD PRACTICES OF WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT IN NAGALAND. NAGALAND AT GLANCE. Location : Extreme NE region of India Geographical Area : 15,579 Sq. Km Population : 2 millions Density of population :120 per sq. km.

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GOOD PRACTICES OF WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT IN NAGALAND

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  1. GOOD PRACTICES OF WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT IN NAGALAND

  2. NAGALAND AT GLANCE • Location : Extreme NE region of India • Geographical Area : 15,579 Sq. Km • Population : 2 millions • Density of population :120 per sq. km. • People : 16 major tribes, each having their own distinctive dialect, custom and traditions • Literacy Rate : 67.11% • Districts : 11 • No. of Blocks : 52 • Climate : Sub-tropical to sub-temperate • Annual Rainfall : 2000 mm – 2500 mm • Altitude :200 to 3800 meters

  3. 82% of the population live in villages. • 92% of land owned by community & individuals. • Only about 5% are landless • Govt. owns only 7% of the total area. • Per Capita Income : Rs. 19,554 • Rich in biodiversity but severely degrading • The state is faced with Inherent constraint of bio-physical and socio-economicproblems

  4. 75% of Nagas live on subsistence jhum cultivation An average farmer cultivates 2 fields at a time About 60-70 crops are cultivated in a single jhumfield Average jhum cycle is 6-8 years

  5. Jhumming has become unsustainable under increasing population pressure and shorter rotations • Most families are unable to produce sufficient food to fulfill their needs

  6. Jhumming - A way of life for the tribal Nagas. • Thus strategy is not to change the system but to find solution within the system.

  7. PLANTATION AS A KEY ACTIVITY FOR WATERSHED TREATMENT – A GOOD PRACTICE • REASONS • High dependence on jhumming • Hilly terrain • High rainfall • Unstable land • Vegetative cover quotient • Act as natural barrier to arrest soil & water erosion • Plantation as a natural choice of the people • Provides economic as well as environmental benefit

  8. MAIN PLANTATIONS • Trees (Having both commercial as well as environmental benefit) • Horticultural crops (Orange, Passion fruit, Pineapple, Banana) • Plantation crops (Rubber, Tea, Arecanut, Sugarcane) SUBSIDIARY CROPS/LIVELIHOOD COMPONENTS ALONG WITHPLANTATION • MAP • Black pepper • Betelvine • Ginger, Turmeric etc • Pisciculture • Beekeeping

  9. STRATEGY ADOPTED • Plantation programmes in sync with the current jhum system • Integrating cash crops under the plantations for sustenance • Bringing convergence with other schemes for sustainable development • Linking them to market • Making it a permanent settled agriculture

  10. Teak plantation inter-cropped with Homalomenaaromatica (Suganthmandri) Chungtiayimsen, Mokokchung-III

  11. Black pepper on teak tree at Lakhuti, IWDP Wokha-II

  12. Tea plantation at Lio-Longidang (IWDP Wokha-IV)

  13. CONVERGENCE OF IWDP WITH STATE SCHEME : i) Patchauli (MAP) planted under Arecanut trees ii) Distillation machine installed iii) Areca leaf plate making machine

  14. IWDP : Rubber Plantation at Chungtia Village, Mokokchung-II State Fund : Rubber sheet roller & Smoke house

  15. Sugarcane cultivators of Kejanglwa village (IWDP Peren-I) Provided with Juice extraction machines & tools for making molasses

  16. Left : Cardamom capsules freshly harvestedRight : Driers being distributed to growers CARDAMOM PLANTATION UNDER IWDP MON-IV

  17. Integrating Beekeeping under Plantations – A common activity (bee hives under orange plantation, Chingmei Village (IWDP Tuensang-IV)

  18. IWDP ACTIVITY RESULTED IN LAUNCHING 2 STATE MISSIONS : • 1.Nagaland Bio-Resource Mission (NBRM) • 2.Nagaland Beekeeping & Honey Mission (NBHM) • Government’s policy support • Made the Govt. realize their immense potentials & urgency to promote & develop the two sectors • All activities are implemented in a mission mode

  19. For everything that has happened, there are so much that has not.It is hoped that Watershed program will continue to be the growth engine for sustainable development of Jhumlands in Nagaland

  20. THANK YOU

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