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Review PS 210 - 401

Review PS 210 - 401. What are the three core components of liberal democracy?. Competition – Mulitiple Political Parties that compete fairly, Participation – Free and Fair Elections, Universal Suffrage,

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Review PS 210 - 401

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  1. Review PS 210 - 401

  2. What are the three core components of liberal democracy?

  3. Competition – Mulitiple Political Parties that compete fairly, Participation – Free and Fair Elections, Universal Suffrage, Referenda and Initiative – ppl vote directly for laws – R = started by gov ; I = started by ppl Liberty – Civil Liberties and Civil Rights, The Rule of Law, etc.

  4. O’Neil notes that the modern form of democracy, in which the public participates indirectly through its representatives, is commonly referred to as indirect democracy or _________. • monarchism • republicanism • liberalism • quasi-democracy

  5. The origins of British democracy are traced back to the • Magna Carta • Bill of Rights • Voting Act • Reform Act

  6. The electoral system that tends to produce a large number of political parties is • the Single Member District system. • Proportional Representation system. • the First Past the Post system. • the Single Transferable Vote system.

  7. Single-member district can be defined as: • an electoral system in which the candidate with the majority of the vote in a district wins the seat. • an electoral system in which the candidate with the largest share of the vote in a district wins the seat. • an electoral system in which the percentage of votes a party receives in a district will determine how many seats that party will win. • a two-round system for referenda and initiatives.

  8. A mixed executive system is one with both • a president and prime minister. • Proportional Representation and Single Member Districts. • referenda and initiatives. • a lower and upper house.

  9. The executive in charge of dealing with the running of the state and formulating policy is the • head of state. • head of government. • ceremonial head. • chief executive.

  10. What are the most important differences between first-past-the-post and proportional representation? • PR (MMD) – doesn’t waste votes; better representation of all groups of ppl/ more parties (espically minority parties) – b/c if a party gets 2% of the vote they still get 2% of the seats. Votes cast for party and not candidate. • SMD (FPTP) – candidates more accountable to voters; Less gridlock b/c less parties; typically 2 parties emerge; ppl vote for candidate and not party, large proportion of votes are wasted; more efficient for voters to identify who to vote for; more voter / candidate reliability

  11. Advanced democracies are defined as those that possess? • High levels of economic growth • Highly institutionalized democracy • increasing standards of living

  12. What statistical sources provides us with information on these advanced democratic traits? Economic growth – GDP per capita; PPP purchasing power parity Standard of living – HDI – Human development index Institutionalized democracy - Polity

  13. The two major challenges to states and sovereignty (specifically capacity) in the advanced democracies are • devolution and integration. • fragmentation and devolution. • autonomy and post-rationalism. • integration and autonomy.

  14. Define Devolution and Integration: • Devolution – devolving power from the central gov down to the regional or local level (federalism) • Integration – (EU, globalization in general) – pooling sovereignty between states; giving up power to a high level.

  15. All of the following have been major recent developments in the EU except: • creation of a directly elected executive* • enlargement eastward • monetary union • public rejection of the EU constitution

  16. Modern values emphasize all of the following qualities except: Secular Rational Wealth accumulation Equality*

  17. Postmodern values tend to emphasize which of the following? • patriotism • nationalism • technological innovation • quality of life

  18. The welfare state is challenged by • increasingly young populations. • increasingly old populations. • women entering the workplace. • environmental damage.

  19. What are the 3 major dilemmas facing advanced democracies?

  20. Authoritarianism is best defined as a political system wherein • a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public. • a small group of individuals exercises power but remains constitutionally responsible to the public. • one person is elected by the state, and then wields unlimited power. • the military controls all political decisions.

  21. How does Totalitarianism differ from Authoritarianism? 3 ways. • 1. sweeping radical change • 2. strong ideological goal / focus • 3. use of terror and violence

  22. Which of the following examples can be described as totalitarian? • The Soviet Union under Stalin* • Iraq under Saddam Hussein • France under Napoleon • Patrimonialism in africa

  23. Which of the following best describes the relationship between capitalism and authoritarianism? • One cannot find countries where capitalism and authoritarianism exist simultaneously. • Authoritarianism can be found only alongside capitalism. • There are countries where both exist simultaneously. • In order to build capitalism, authoritarianism must first exist.

  24. The “Asian values” argument asserts that • Asia has particular values that make it less receptive to democracy.* • Asia has particular values that make it more receptive to democracy. • Asian authoritarianism tends to be more personalistic due to culture. • Asian authoritarianism tends to be less violent due to culture.

  25. A less structured system in which states co-opt the public by providing benefits to individuals or small groups is known as _________. • neocorporatism • corporatism • Clientelism* • rent-seeking

  26. What are the five forms of authoritarian rule?

  27. Personal - • Military Rule - • One-Party Rule - • Theocracy - • Illiberal Democracies -

  28. Are authoritarian governments on the rise or the decline globally?

  29. _________ is the name given for the system of economic production, including the level of technology (the “means of production”). • The superstructure • The bourgeoisie • The base • The proletariat

  30. Marx called all non-economic relations in a society, including religion and culture, the _________. • surplus value • superstructure • dialectic • bourgeoisie

  31. What is Glastnost? • What is Perestroika?

  32. The individual typically associated with articulating the theories of communism is _________. • Mao Zedong • Vladimir Lenin • Karl Marx • Karl Kautsky

  33. What is the term given by Marx for the concept of historical change? • Dialectic Materialism • What is the term given by Marx for the superstructure’s effect on the base? • False consciousness

  34. Central planning was weakened by its inability to do 3 things. What are they • fully gather information. • create workers incentives. • the absence of competition.

  35. What have been the two main challenges for economic change in democratizing Communist regimes?

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