Emerging Grid Standards

1. Emerging Grid Standards Mark Baker, Amy Apon, Clayton Ferner, Jeff Brown. IEEE Computer Society ,Vol.38, Issue4 , pp. 43 - 50 , Year of Publication: April 2005 Presented by 張肇烜

2. Outline • Introduction • Grid-related standards bodies • Open Grid Services Architecture • Open Grid Services Infrastructure • Web Services Resource Framework • Stateful resources • Event notification

3. Outline (cont.) • Grid Security Infrastructure • Community Authorization Service • Conclusions

4. Introduction • Importance of Grid. • Hinder the factor of Gird development.

5. Grid-related standards bodies • Global Grid Forum • OASIS • World Wide Web Consortium • Distributed Management Task Force • Web Services Interoperability Organization • Internet2 • Liberty Alliance

6. Grid-related standards bodies (cont.) • Global Grid Forum (seven areas): • Application program and programming model environment. • Architecture. • Data. • Security. • Information system and performance. • Peer to peer. • Resource management.

7. Grid-related standards bodies (cont.) • Global Grid Forum (four types): • Informational. • Experimental. • Community practice. • Recommendations.

8. Grid-related standards bodies (cont.) • OASIS: • A not-for-profit international organization that promotes industry standards for e-business . • W3C: • W3C is an international organization to promote common and interoperable protocols.

9. Grid-related standards bodies (cont.) • DMTF : • The DMTF is an industry to develop management standards and integration technologies for enterprise and Internet environments. • WS-I: • WS-I is an open industry body to promote the adoption of Web services and interoperability among different Web services implementations.

10. Grid-related standards bodies (cont.) • Internet2: • Internet2 is a consortium of groups from academia , industry , and government to develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies. • Liberty Alliance: • The Liberty Alliance is an international alliance of companies , nonprofit groups , and government organization.

11. Open Grid Services Architecture • The most important Grid standard to emerge recently is Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA). • OGSA represents an evolution towards a Grid system architecture based on Web services concepts and technologies.

12. Open Grid Services Infrastructure • Enhanced Web services that provided a standard set of mechanisms to manage state.

13. Open Grid Services Infrastructure (cont.) • Critics identified several problems with OGSI: • It was too large for one specification. • OGSI was not a pure subset of Web services.

14. Web Services Resource Framework • Widespread dissatisfaction with OGSI led to a collaborative effort among architects from the Grid and Web services communities to define an alternative infrastructure based on unadulterated Web services specifications.

15. Web Services Resource Framework (cont.) • Two new OASIS technical committees: • WS-Resource Framework (WSRF) TC. • WS-Notification (WSN) TC.

16. Web Services Resource Framework (cont.) • The WSRF TC was formed to standardize four specifications: • WS-ResourceLifetime. • WS-ResourceProperties. • WS-ServiceGroup. • WS-BaseFaults.

17. Web Services Resource Framework (cont.) • The WSN TC : • WS-BaseNotification. • Ws-BrokeredNotification. • WS-Topics.

18. Stateful resources • The OASIS WSRF TC aims to define a generic and open framework. • WSRF defines the means by which: • A Web service can be associated with more stateful resources. • A service requestor can access stateful resources indirectly through Web services. • The stateful resources can be destroyed, immediately or via time-based destruction.

19. Stateful resources (cont.) • A stateful resource’s type definition can be associated with a Web service’s interface description. • A stateful resource’s actual state can be queried and modified via message exchanges. • Web service that encapsulate stateful resources can be renewed when they become invalid. • The stateful resources can be aggregated for domain-specific purposes.

20. Event notification • There is a move to merge these competing specifications. • Two specifications describe event notification with respect to resource: • WS-Eventing. • WS-Notification.

21. Event notification (cont.) • WS-Eventing • This specification allows Web services to be notified of events that occur with other services.

22. Event notification (cont.) • WS-Notification • This family of specifications describes the mechanism by which Web services can receive notification of an event related to resource.

23. Other Standards and trends • WS-I Basic Profile. • Web Services Grid Application Framewrok • WS-I+

24. Grid Security Infrastructure • It implemented by the Globus toolkit. • In GSI , the owner typically grants use of a resource to individual.

25. Community Authorization Service • It provides an individual community identifier that authorizes a user for a resource. • It can be used to verify identity and trustworthiness.

26. Conclusions • OGSA and WSRF represent significant cooperation among researchers in academia, government ,and industry.