Richard Jimmerson Chief Information Officer American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN)

1. Richard Jimmerson Chief Information Officer American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) I shoulda’ had a v6! Why IPv6 Adoption is Necessary for the Future of Your Organization

2. Overview IP Addresses and the Domain Name System Regional Internet Registries and ARIN IPv4 Depletion IPv6 Adoption

3. IP Addresses and the Domain Name System

4. www.afrinic.net 196.216.2.1 www.nro.net 193.0.0.131 www.apnic.net 202.12.29.20 www.icann.org 192.0.34.163 www.arin.net 192.149.252.7 www.isoc.org 206.131.253.68 www.lacnic.net 200.160.2.15 www.ripe.net 192.0.0.214 On the Internet, you are nothing but an IP address! 202.12.29.142

5. An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a number that identifies a device on a computer network. What is an IP Address?

6. IP Addresses Are: • Necessary for Internet routing • A finite common resource • Not dependent upon the DNS

7. What is a Domain Name? A domain name is label that a person uses in place of an IP address to locate a site on the Internet, like www.arin.net.

8. What is the Domain Name System (DNS)? The Domain Name System (DNS) is a way to store and retrieve information about domain names and IP addresses.

9. IP Addresses are Not Domain Names

10. Regional Internet Registries

11. RIR System • The Regional Internet Registry (RIR) system began in 1992 • There are five RIRs • RIRs coordinate closely with the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) • RIRs are nonprofit organizations

12. The Regions

13. RIR Structure

14. Registration Services • Coordination & management of Internet number resources • Internet number resource transfers

15. Registration Services Directory Services • Registration transaction information (WHOIS) • Record maintenance • Routing information (Internet Routing Registry) Reverse DNS

16. Organization Services Public Policy & Members Meetings • Executive Board Elections

17. Organization Services Information publicationand dissemination Education& Training

18. Need Evaluate Discuss Consensus Implement Policy Development Services Manage the Internet Resource Policy Evaluation Process Maintain e-maildiscussion lists Publish policy documents

19. Policy Development Process BOTTOM-UP Community Proposes, Discusses, and Approves Policy OPEN • Open Participation • Inclusive • Accessible TRANSPARENT Documented, Published & Accessible PDP, Policies, and Procedures

20. Policy Development Process • The regional community decides how ARIN will manage and administer Internet number resources. • Anyone may participate in the process. • The ARIN Board of Trustees ratifies policies only after: • discussion on mailing lists and at biannual Public Policy meetings; • the ARIN Advisory Council recommends adoption after finding consensus in favor of a proposal.

21. Policy Development Process • Participation includes: • Subscribing to the Public Policy Mailing List (PPML) and joining in the discussions • Attending biannual Public Policy Meetings or participating remotely through meeting webcasts • Submitting a policy proposal to create new policy or revise current policy

22. IPv4 Depletion and Transition to IPv6

23. IPv4 and IPv6 * bit = binary digit

24. IPv4 AllocationsRIRs to LIRs/ISPsYearly Comparison Number of /8s Internet Number Resource Report

25. RIRs are consistently allocating over10 /8s per year The RIRs collectively allocated over 12 /8s for the first time in 2007 Number of /8s remaining in IANA’sunallocated pool: 42 /8 = 16,777,216 IP addresses

26. IPv4 - Address Space Trend /8 = 16,777,216 IP addresses.

27. IPv4 - Address Space Utilization

28. Projections ARIN makes no predictions • But we watch others’ predictions closely What we know • RIRs allocated 13 /8s last year • There are 42 /8s left as of December 31 • Allocation requests may increase as demand continues

29. Situation • Current Source of Contiguous Address Space is IPv4 • This Supply is Diminishing

30. The Simple Solution • Get New Source of Contiguous Address Space • This Supply is IPv6

31. What Could Happen? IPv4 Demand Continues NAT Use Increases Frantic IPv6 Deployment

32. Consequences • Today, there are organizations attempting to reach mail and web servers via IPv6. • In the near future, there will be organizations that have NO CHOICE but to reach mail and web servers via IPv6.

33. Consequences No Access to Internet Services • IPv6-only Networks • IPv6-only Users Routing Table Fragmentation • NAT Use Increase • Other Markets Develop

34. The Bottom Line We’re running out of IPv4 address space. IPv6 provides much more address space.

35. What to Do? • Raise Public Awareness • Facilitate IPv6 Deployment • Implement IPv6 Accessible Services

36. ARIN Actions • Community Outreach • Advisories • Educational Materials • Policy Actions • Public Policy Mailing List • ARIN XXIDenver, CO6-9 April 2008 • Facilitate IPv6 Deployment • Mail and Web Servers Available via IPv4 and IPv6

37. ARIN IPv6 Wikiwww.getipv6.info Facilitate discussion and information sharing on IPv6 Includes real-world experience in transitioning to IPv6

38. Board Resolutions • Encourages transition to IPv6 • Orders more scrutiny of IPv4 resource requests • Requests Advisory Council to consider policy changes

39. Board Resolutions • Assures ARIN will continue to facilitate the community-driven policy development process • Reaffirms ARIN policies do not encourage profit-driven speculation in IP addresses

40. Current ARIN Policy Discussions • 2007-27: Cooperative distribution of the end of the IPv4 free pool • 2007-23: End Policy for IANA IPv4 allocations to RIRs • 2007-16: IPv4 Soft Landing

41. RIR Actions • Allocation Policy Liberalization • Waiver of IPv6-related Service Fees • Training, Workshops, Projects • Recovering IPv4 Space

42. Your Turn!

43. Transition Needs • IPv6 address space • IPv6 connectivity • Operating systems, software, and network management tool upgrades

44. Transition Needs • Router, firewall, and other hardware upgrades • IT staff and customer service training

45. What the Future Holds • The Internet will have two IP versions at the same time (IPv4 & IPv6) - this is the “dual-stack” approach. • For a brief while, IPv6 poses no benefit at all and real work to support (as all customers who have IPv6 also have IPv4) • At some point, there will be IPv6-only Internet users being connected by the ISP community • Your content clients are not going to accept not being reachable to newer Internet customers, and will find a way to fix this quickly.

46. Your Next Steps • Make mail and web servers reachable via IPv6 in addition to IPv4 • Introduce IPv6 support into your product cycle as soon as possible • Encourage customers to use IPv6 and test their applications over it as soon as possible.

47. Learn More and Get Involved Learn more about IPv6 • Visit the ARIN website – www.arin.net • Visit the ARIN IPv6 Wiki – www.getipv6.info Get Involved in ARIN • Read and Participate on the Public Policy Mailing List • Attend a Meeting • ARIN XXI in Denver 6-9 April 2008

48. Tutorials / Training • Technical Presentations • BoFs • Policy Discussions • Help Desks • Social Events

49. Policy Proposal Topics • Active • IPv4 end of free pool life proposals • Expanding timeframe for IPv4 allocations • IPv6-related • Potential • WHOIS (changes to what is displayed) • ARIN transfer policy • Legacy holder policies

50. Public Policy Mailing List(PPML)