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October-2005

Visualizing Social Networks for Health and Public Safety Zachary Jacobson, Health Canada Olivier Dagenais & Ben Houston. October-2005. [N/X]n welcome, well come. Social network analysis/analyses for public safety Health [infection, esp.] Security [counter-terror intel, esp.]

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October-2005

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  1. Visualizing Social Networks for Health and Public SafetyZachary Jacobson, Health CanadaOlivier Dagenais & Ben Houston October-2005

  2. [N/X]n welcome, well come • Social network analysis/analyses for public safety • Health [infection, esp.] • Security [counter-terror intel, esp.] • Some firsts, this time • Moving from visualizing information/knowledge to networks • More people came here to listen than to speak !!

  3. Invited provocations • A clear advantage • 20 minute guillotine • Try to leave time for questions. • Provocations will be [e-]published • Get your e-copy to Margaret! • And thanks to the provocaturs!

  4. Knowledge [information] Discovery • Institutional collaborators, fellow travellers • Health Canada • DND • NATO RTP • CNSC • IAEA

  5. outline • Introduction • [this is/was it] • Social network properties • Scale-free concept • Applications • VITA • 9-11 simulator • [later] breakout instructions • To work!

  6. Social networks • Understand relations among individuals a.k.a. links and nodes analysis • Nodes, or individuals: e.g., • People perhaps in a situation • A hurricane • A battle • A corporation • Computers in a network • Asocial networks • Ideas in an argument • Neurons in a cortex

  7. Random Scale-free Majority of nodes have one or two links, but a few nodes have a large number of links. Most nodes have approximately the same number of links. More than 60% of nodes (green) can be reached from the five most connected nodes (red) in the scale-free network compared with only 27% in the random network. Both networks contain 130 nodes and 430 links. Source: Barabási, Physicsweb, July 2001

  8. In a scale-free network these highly connected nodes are known as “hubs” In the WWW, hubs might be websites such as Yahoo or Google Among hollywood actors the hubs are actors that have worked with the most people Among scientific collaboration networks, the hubs are the scientists who have collaborated with the most people or co-authored papers with the most people In cells the hubs are the most connected molecules such as water or ATP, ADP In an infectious disease transmission network, hubs are the people who are in contact with a large number of susceptible people In a random network, a virus, or idea, gets established more readily but can be eradicated. In a scale free network most outbreaks fail, but some may never eradicated.

  9. SNA gossip • Social networkers divided • Old guard, social scientists • New wave, physicists and other hard scientists A new-fangled idea

  10. Zack’s personal prediction and take-home message: • social nets often fractal and scale-free in nature, in Nature. • from the www to SARS spread to needle exchange to neurones in the brain • an important unifying principle • Here to stay

  11. Social network analytic tools • Advanced tools exist • Vienna is an established centre • Pajek tool and development group [algorithmic] • Also in US • UICNet [rigorous] • Both have visual presentation available, static nets • INSNA sunbelt conferences • Need for dynamic analysts • Health—track an ongoing outbreak • manage it • CounterIntel—track [e-]communications in real time • See the developing hotspots • Develop usable assistants • Implement

  12. VITA - a visual front end for document search systems • to discover effective methods of identifying relationships among documents and assisting in reducing document search complexity • Now available for research/analysis • Search control by the user • Search results presentation under user control • initially engine-independent • Now Google-based • Accept other engines with minimal work • Various prototypes.

  13. VITA Concept—aid for knowledge discovery

  14. question 3 fixed planes Concepts [search terms] Hits [web pages] VITA General Layout Mechanism

  15. VITA-gExample

  16. VITA-DExample • A.Q. Khan queries

  17. Computer-Assisted Contact Tracing Logical next step uses in health and counterterror [also network management & protection]

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  19. f010 f002 f030 m013 fx07 m026 Sexual network member f202 f201 f033 f034 f035 f015 Member attending bar m012 m201 m106 fx36 m107 f009 m202 Bar fx13 f006 f103 f019 f104 f514 m017 mx14 mx04 m112 m203 f008 f017 m526 f011 m206 m002 fx06 f900 f106 m010 m025 f023 f014 m018 m551 f021 m204 f022 m212 m211 f025 m209 m207 m302 f024 m301 m208 f016 f012 m007 m214 fx21 f004 mx06 f541 m016 f007 m200 m110 m111 f003 f533 m023 f013 f020 m523 mx01 f546 f038 m019 f536 m101 mx05 m210 fx12 m104 m014 f205 m102

  20. Generic Network Visualization: Applications for NATO This working group was focused at developing a taxonomy and framework of generic network properties which are required for the display on a Common Operational Picture and decision support.

  21. Objectives • Development of a network visualisation framework to be used by NATO • Development of a common language to describe networks and to enable interoperability

  22. NATO Needs on Network Analysis/Visualization • Counterterrorism • Knowledge Management • Information Assurance • Logistic Support Management • Disease Management • Infrastructure Security • Correlation of interconnected networks • etc.

  23. What do we need to see about the network[s]? • General properties • Topology • Node identification [usually • Link identification [rarely] • Network variables • Varying within the network • Intersection[s] with other, disparate networks • E.g., load links to telephone lines

  24. Visualisation Issues • Human Factors • Colors • Temporal information • Automation • Cluttering • Symbology • etc.

  25. 9|11 cell Epidemic simulator Another speaker Live --

  26. Generic network visualization:Conclusion: • task oriented • same generic framework can be used for most types of networks • Network Analysis can be focused on nodes, links, etc. • Easily moved into any of several applications

  27. In order to have something available in the heat of the moment… .

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