Presentation Transcript

1. Blood

   Section 2 pg. 182 - 185
2. Is a connective tissue made up of plasma, red blood cell, platelets, and white blood cells. Carries oxygen and nutrients to all parts of your body. What is Blood?
3. Fluid part of your body Is a mixture of water, minerals, nutrients, sugars, proteins, and other substances Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are found in plasma Plasma
4. RBCs take oxygen to every cell in your body Cells need oxygen to carry out their functions RBC has hemoglobin Oxygen carrying protein Hemoglobin clings to the oxygen you inhale and also gives RBCs their red color Red Blood Cells
5. Platelets are pieces of larger cells found in bone marrow Larger cells remain in the bone marrow, but fragments are pinched off and enter the bloodstream as platelets Only last for 5 to 10 days Platelets
6. When you cut yourself, bleeding starts b/c blood vessels have been opened Platelets begin to clump together in the damaged area, they form a plug that help reduce blood loss Platelets also release chemicals that react with proteins in plasma, this reaction causes tiny fibers to form, they fibers help create a blood clot Platelets
7. When pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other microscopic particles make you sick they meet white blood cells (WBC) WBC help keep you healthy by destroying pathogens and help clean wounds Fight pathogens in many ways… White Blood Cells
8. Some squeeze out of blood vessels and move around in tissues, searching for pathogens When they find it, they destroy it Other release antibodies Antibodies are chemicals that identify or destroy pathogens WBCs keep you healthy by destroying body cells that have died or been damaged Most are made in bone marrow and some mature in the lymphatic system WBC
9. Blood also helps regulate your body temp When the brain sense your body temp rising it signals blood vessels in your skin to enlarge As the vessel enlarges, heat from you blood is transferred to you skin and helps lower your body temp. Body Temp Regulation
10. The force that blood exerts on the walls of the arteries Usually given in 2 numbers Systolic – the pressure inside large arteries when the ventricles contract Diastolic – pressure inside arteries when the ventricles relax Expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), 120/80 or below is considered healthy Blood Pressure
11. Four types: A, B, AB, O Blood types refers to the type of chemicals you have on the surface of your RBCs Called antigens They also have different antibodies in the plasma Antibodies react to antigens of other blood types as if the antigens were pathogens Blood Types
12. Transfusion The injection of blood or blood components into a person to replace blood that has been lost because of surgery or an injury Because ABO blood types have different antigen-antibody reactions, a person receiving blood cannot receive blood from just anyone Blood Types and Transfusions
13. http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/blood/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/personalhealth/bloodtypes/ http://www.brainpop.com/health/personalhealth/bloodpressure/ The Mysteries of Life with Tim and Moby

14. The Lymphatic System

    Section 3 pg. 186 – 189
15. The body’s 2nd circulatory system Lymphatic System Group of organs and tissues that collect the excess fluid and return it to your blood Also helps your body fight pathogens
16. Lymph capillaries Smallest vessel of the lymphatic system Absorb some of the fluid and particles from between the cells These particles are too large to enter blood capillaries (dead cells or pathogens) Fluid and particles absorbed into lymph capillaries are called lymph Vessels of the Lymphatic System
17. Lymph capillaries carry lymph into larger vessels called lymphatic vessels Skeletal muscles squeeze these vessels to force lymph through the the LS Valves inside the lymphatic vessels stop backflow Lymph drains into the large neck veins of the cardiovascular system Vessels of the Lymphatic System
18. Other parts of the lymphatic system
19. Soft tissue inside the bones Where RBC, WBC, and lymphocytes are produced Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell that helps your body fight pathogens Bone Marrow
20. Small, bean-shaped masses of tissue that remove pathogens and dead cells from the lymph Concentrated in the armpits, neck, and groin Contain lymphocytes Lymph Nodes
21. Killer T cells Surround and destroy pathogens B cells Produce antibodies that attach to pathogens These marked pathogens clump together and are then destroyed by other cells Lymph Nodes “Lymphocytes”
22. When bacteria or other pathogens cause infection this causes WBCs to multiple greatly Lymph nodes fill with WBC that are fighting the infection This can result in a swollen or painful feeling Swollen lymph nodes are sometimes an early clue that you have an infection Lymph Nodes
23. The main gland of the lymphatic system; it produces mature T lymphocytes that are ready to fight infection Before T cells are ready to fight the develop further in the thymus Located behind the breastbone, just above the heart Mature lymphocytes from the thymus travel through the lymphatic system to other areas of your body Thymus
24. Largest lymphatic organ Stores and produces lymphocytes Purplish organ, about the size of your fist, soft and spongy, located in the upper left side of your abdomen Spleen
25. As blood flows through the spleen, lymphocytes attack or mark pathogens in the blood If pathogens cause infection, the spleen may also release lymphocytes into the blood stream Produces, monitors, stores, and destroys blood cells Spleen
26. RBCs are squeezed through the spleen’s capillaries, the older more fragile ones burst The damaged RBCs are then taken apart by some of the cells in the spleen Some parts may be reused Red Blood cell recycling center Spleen
27. 2 important functions White pulp Helps to fight infections Red pulp Removes unwanted material, such as defective red blood cells, the the blood Spleen
28. Small, rounded masses of lymphatic tissue located in the nasal cavity and at the back of the mouth on either side of the tongue About the size of a large olive Help defend the body against infection Trap pathogens that enter the throat Severely infected tonsils may be covered with patches of white, infected tissue Tonsils
29. http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysystems/lymphaticsystem/ Tim and Moby Explains it All