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Understanding Digital Multimedia: File Formats, Compression, and Quality

This comprehensive guide explores the various file formats used in digital multimedia, including text documents (TXT, DOC, PDF), images (JPEG, PNG, GIF), audio files (MP3, WAV), and video formats (MP4, AVI). It also discusses the concept of data representation in binary and the significance of compression techniques, comparing lossy and lossless methods. By examining examples of image and audio quality, this resource aims to clarify the trade-offs between file size and fidelity. Ideal for students and multimedia enthusiasts seeking to enhance their understanding of digital files.

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Understanding Digital Multimedia: File Formats, Compression, and Quality

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Digital Multimedia

  2. Text Files • File Formats and Respective Software • TXT – Text Document - Notepad, TextEdit • DOC – Document - Microsoft Word • DOCX – Document XML – Microsoft Word 2007, 2010 • PDF – Portable Document Format - Adobe Acrobat • RTF – Rich Text Format – WordPad, TextEdit • ODF – Open Document Format – OpenOffice, LibreOffice

  3. Bits and Bytes • Digital  everything is ONES (1) and ZEROS (0) • Only 2 different numbers  Binary • Base 2 number system • binary digit  bit (b) • How many bits are there? 01011001 • 8 bits = 1 Byte (B)

  4. Big Bytes Kilobyte (KB) = 103 = 1000 bytes Megabyte (MB) = 106 = 1000000 bytes Gigabyte (GB) = 109 bytes Terabyte (TB) = 1012 bytes Petabyte (PB) = 1015 bytes Exabyte (EB) = 1018bytes Zettabyte (ZB) = 1021bytes Yottabyte (YB) = 1024 bytes Kibibyte(KiB) = 210 = 1024 bytes Mebibyte (MiB) = 220 = 1048576 bytes Gibibyte (GiB) = 230 bytes … Why? Read more.

  5. Data Compression • Compress / shrink size of files • How file compression work? Read more… • Compression can sometimes affect the quality • But is it something that you will notice? • Examples: • mp3 vs. wav (3 MB vs. 30 MB) • jpg vs. bmp (100 KB vs. 1 MB) • Why would we ever want to compress data? Give specific scenarios.

  6. Lossy vs. Loss-less compression • Lossy compression • original quality CANNOT be reconstructed when decompressed (mp3, jpg) • JPEG Example • How do mp3s work? Read more… • Loss-less compression • original quality CAN be reconstructed when decompressed (zip)

  7. Graphics & Images • File Formats? • GIF • JPEG, JPG - compressed • BMP • PSD • PNG • TIFF • Image Software? • Adobe Photoshop • Microsoft Paint • GIMP • Paint.Net

  8. Graphics Terms • pixel ~ picture element • resolution ~ number of total pixels (could be dimensions too) • DPI ~ dots per inch (pixel density) • pixel depth ~ color depth ~ bit depth • Number of bits used in a single pixel • More bits  more colors • What is the tradeoff for a high quality pixel depth?

  9. Why do pixels matter? • Digital Cameras • Is getting a higher mega-pixel camera worth it? • High Definition images • Quality vs. Quantity • Mr. Bui’s Picture Example • What is its resolution? • How many bytes is it? • Resizing • Changing quality

  10. Audio • File Formats? • mid • mp3 • m4a • wav • ogg • flac • wma Audio Software? • Audacity • GarageBand • FLStudio

  11. Video • File Formats? • avi • wmv – Windows Media Video? • mp4 • divx • mpeg • Video Software? • Adobe Premiere • Windows Movie Maker • Apple iMovie • Apple Final Cut Pro • Sony Vegas

  12. Lab Assignment • Create the following: • GIF, JPG, and BMP images of yourself • MP3, M4A, and WAV sounds of your voice • Create a video of yourself presenting the differences between your GIF, JPG, and BMP images. Also present the differences between MP3, M4A, and WAV. This will be the most time-consuming portion of the assignment because you will need to create a movie using iMovie that has transitions and sound. • Be sure your video has title screen(s) and still shots of the pictures. • If possible, try to illustrate the loss of quality by recording something as MP3. (this may be difficult, but try it out)

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