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Golden Age of Islam 800s to 1400s Chapter 10-Sec 3

Golden Age of Islam 800s to 1400s Chapter 10-Sec 3. Europe and Middle East around 800 AD. How Arabs and Turks Ruled Region. Treated conquered people respectfully Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians were called “People of the Book” Non-Muslims paid tax for military exemption

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Golden Age of Islam 800s to 1400s Chapter 10-Sec 3

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  1. Golden Age of Islam 800s to 1400s Chapter 10-Sec 3

  2. Europe and Middle East around 800 AD

  3. How Arabs and Turks Ruled Region • Treated conquered people respectfully • Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians were called “People of the Book” • Non-Muslims paid tax for military exemption • Allowed non-Muslims to be important scholars and members of bureaucracy

  4. How could cultural tolerance lead to advancements in math and science?

  5. Which factor helps explain the scientific and literary achievements of the Muslims during their Golden Age (A.D. 800-1300)? • 1. expansion of trans-Atlantic trade • 2. innovations introduced by the Europeans during the Renaissance • 3. cultural diversity accepted by many Islamic governments • 4. legal equality of all people in the Islamic empire

  6. How can learning be linked to geography/geographic location? • Trade routes (land and coastline) • Merchant contact • Religious pilgrimage

  7. Science and Math • Arabic numerals (1,2,3…) • al-Khwarizmi…invents algebra (Al Jabr)- quadratic equations • Trigonometry • Hospitals/pharmacies* • Medical books • Disinfection w/alcohol

  8. #4 Why does this matter to scientists?

  9. House of Wisdom • First university • Opthamology/optics • spyglass • Astrolabe/compass from China

  10. Leads to a Golden Age Across the Empire • Time of peace and safe for mix of cultures • Damascus, Baghdad, Granada, Cordoba huge cities! • 4 social classes: • Muslims by birth • Muslims by conversions • People of the Book • POW slaves…Janissaries

  11. Without the Arabs/Turks…no Renaissance! • Crusades (1300s) opens trade again with Asia (Mideast) • Knowledge had been preserved by Arab and Turkish world after Fall of Rome • Europeans learn and are inspired!

  12. #1: Based on this map, where are the trade “hubs”? What would account for this?

  13. Contributions…Economics • Banking system organized • The dinar* -official paper currency • Letters of credit, sakks/“checks”, offered by banks…exchanged for cash at banks • Cosmopolitan blend of culture, religion, $

  14. Scholarship • Encouraged in the Quran • “Acquire knowledge…it enables possessor to distinguish between right and wrong; lights way to heaven; guides to happiness; an armor against enemies” Prophet Muhammad • Muslim world preserved learning • 800’s Baghdad opens House of Wisdom: academy, library, translation center • Worked on translating texts from Greece, India, Persia into Arabic

  15. Advancements • Persian scholar al-Razi compiles medical encyclopedia/smallpox treatment book • Al-Khwarizmi invents al-jabr=algebra • Cartography • Early astronomical devices before telescope • Astrolabe • Calligraphy as text and art • Literature…1,001 Arabian Nights

  16. Gibraltar-Muslim Spain • Named for Berber general named Jabal Tariq • An entire peninsula and waterway is named after him • Jabal Tariq = Gibraltar

  17. Muslim Spain • Known as Moors • Called Spain al-Andalus (Andalusia!) • Granada is the jewel city! • Battled the Franks battle Moors near Paris (Battle of Tours) in 732 • Halted spread of Islam to Europe

  18. Al-Hambra Palace in Granada, Spain

  19. Moorish Culture

  20. Isabella, Ferdinand, and Columbus chilling at Al-Hambra Palace

  21. After the Reconquista/Spanish Inquisition

  22. King-new wife every night and execute next morning • Sheherazade great story-teller… • The King became so entranced by Sheherazade's stories that he wanted to hear the conclusion of each one. • Night after night Sheherazade would leave him in suspense, postponing her execution for 1,001 nights until he pardoned her!

  23. Ali Baba and the 40 Thieves (open sesame) • Aladdin • Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor

  24. Muslim View of the Ideal Man ~800AD • “The ideal man should be from East Persia, Muslim in faith, Arabic in language, Iraqi education, Hebrew in astuteness, Christian in conduct, a Greek in science, Indian in interpretation, and lastly a Sufi in spiritual life” • What does this quote imply about their culture?

  25. 4 Muslim Empires • Arab • Spanish-Moorish –al-Andalus(Andalusian) • Ottoman Turkish • Mughal in India

  26. Topkapi Palace

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