POTHOLE

1. POTHOLE WAR ON POTHOLES Larry Schneider City of Fort Collins Streets Superintendent 1

2. Origin of the Word POTHOLE The word POTHOLE actually came from the Irish. After boiling potatoes, they would mash the potatoes with the pot on the ground, causing a deep hole to develop. =

3. Pesky Pothole

4. Pothole Politics • Los Angeles- • 6,000 center miles • $671 spent by individual drivers due to pothole related damage • 2007 goal: fill 300,000 potholes • Reality: exceeded their goal by filling 307,000 • 2009 goal: fill 350,000 • Seattle- • Mayor Greg Nickels declares a war on potholes, “fix every pothole within 48 hours” • 2007: filled 38,215 potholes

5. Pothole Politics • Honolulu- • 2008: $850,000 on 69,264 potholes • $172,000 in claims • 2009-2011: $70 Million on street maintenance

6. Pothole Politics • New Orleans- • “Know your potholes” • A handy-dandy pothole guide • Paint a pothole • Dress it up with Mardi Gras beads

7. Pothole Politics • Rockford, Il • 2008: $1.3 million o127,127 potholes • Testing a new epoxy that crews will treat a pothole with before they dump in the cold patch

8. Pothole Politics • Colorado • Fort Collins • 502 center miles • $170,950 • 5,000 potholes • Greeley • 367 center miles • $160,000 • 40,000 potholes • Loveland • 324 center miles • 3,000 potholes

9. Pothole Politics • Colorado- • CDOT: region 4 • 7,649 lane miles • 71,001 square yards patched • $695,566

10. Nicknames Pothole Patrolman Pothole Rangers Pothole Killers Pothole Posse Pothole Patrol Pothole Squad Pothole Busters

11. Pothole Patching Playbook • What is a pothole? • Why do potholes occur? • How do you patch a pothole? • What are the best materials to use?

12. What is a pothole?

13. What is a pothole? • A pothole is a bowl-shaped hole in the pavement surface • Minimum width of 6” • Low-severity potholes are less than 1” deep • Moderately severe from 1”-2” deep • High-severity greater than 2” deep

14. The formation of a pothole 1.Potholes begin after snow or rain seeps into the soil below the road surface. 2.The moisture freezes when temperatures drop, causing the ground to expand and push the pavement up. 3.As the temperatures rise, the ground returns to normal level but the pavement often remains raised. This creates a gap between the pavement and the ground below it. 4.When vehicles drive over this cavity, the pavement surface cracks and falls into the hollow space leading to the birth of another pothole. Source: town of Queensbury NY, Highway Department; ohttp://www.queensbury.net/Highway/highway_potholes.htm

15. Methods to patch a pothole Conventional Throw-and-roll Spray Patching Semi-permanent Cold mix Permanent Hot mix

16. Conventional • Throw-and-roll • Cold mix • Hot mix Requirements: Two person crew, one truck, material and shovels.

17. Conventional

18. Spray Patching • Truck-mounted spray patcher • Advantages- • Safety- operator doesn’t even have to leave the cab. • Inconvenience to traffic is minimal. • More potholes can be repaired each day. • Patches are longer lasting, cutting maintenance requirements in half. • Repairs can be made in wet weather.

19. Conventional Vs. Spray Patcher 4,959 Potholes Filled Conventional Vs. Truck Spray Patcher • 1,983.60 Hours • $104,950 • $21.16 per pothole • 1120.73 Hours • $66,063 • $13.32 per pothole

20. Spray Patching • Single joystick control • All controls accessible from cab • Excellent visibility of work area • 1-person operation • Costs less • Effective above 0o

21. Spray Patching Step 1: Blow out the pothole Step 2: Tack it Step 3: Blow material & emulsion Step 4: Cap it with rock

22. Semi-permanent Patch • Semi-permanent cold mix patch • Debris and water removed • Sides are squared up • With cold mix placed, compacted

23. Permanent Patch • Permanent hot mix patch • Debris and water • removed • Sides are squared up • and tacked • Hot mix is placed and • compacted

24. Ideal Materials for Patching Potholes • Which product is best suited for a particular application? • ODOT Study • Need for cost effective and reliable materials • 9 cold mix materials donated for laboratory testing and field evaluation

25. Product Specifications for Testing • Gradation: Less than 5% of material shall pass the Number 200 sieve • Workability: The workability number obtained by AASHTO TP40-94 shall be no less than 4 • Coating: Percent coating as determined by AASHTO TP40-94 shallbe no less than 90%

26. Product Specifications for Testing • Application: Material shall be placed into a damp hole and remain in place for a minimum of 12 months under normal traffic conditions. • Primer: Product shall not require any primer or other special preparation prior to placement in hole

27. Product Specifications for Testing • Equipment: Product shall not require any special equipment for installation • Compaction: Product shall not require any compaction requirements • Storage: Product shall have a minimum storage life of 1 year

28. Product Specifications for Testing • Workability in adverse conditions: Product shall remain workable in adverse weather conditions (prior to placement) • Durability: Material shall be capable of being used as a permanent fix

29. Materials for Patching Potholes * Polypatchi is the little used brand by Albina for this product ** Currently being used by Bend and Lakeview ODOT maintenance crews. *** Currently being used by Salem and Portland maintenance crews. Source: Oregon Department of Transportation; 2 year research study

30. Results of Patching Materials Source: Oregon Department of Transportation; 2 year research study

31. Quality of Material is the key! • Quality of materials is more important than method or machine • Strategic Highway Research Program H-106 • Most extensive evaluations of pavement maintenance • Better understanding of performance • Cost-effectiveness of various cold mix materials • Effects of deicing materials

32. Tips for Driving Through Potholes • Don’t brake in a pothole • Tires must be properly inflated to reduce the risk of damage • Most damage occurs on exiting the pothole • A longer pothole usually causes more damage

33. Patch these potholes!

34. The quick fix to patching potholes

35. CASI • EZ Street • Envirotech • ProPatch • Highway & Industrial Noise Solutions • Perma-Patch