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Lets Carb Up!!!

Carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, are essential macromolecules in our diet. They exist in three primary forms: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides, like glucose, fructose, and galactose, are simple sugars that provide rapid energy. Disaccharides, such as sucrose and lactose, consist of two monosaccharides linked through dehydration synthesis. Polysaccharides, such as starch and cellulose, are long chains of monosaccharides, serving as energy storage and structural components in plants and animals.

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Lets Carb Up!!!

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  1. Lets Carb Up!!!

  2. Carbohydrates - Composition • Made of… (Hint: look at the name) • Carbon • Hydrogen • Oxygen

  3. Carbohydrates - 3 Types • Monosaccharides • These are the monomer units • Means 1 sugar or simple sugar • Ring Shaped molecules • Provide quick energy for cells • C6H12O6

  4. Monosaccharide examples • Glucose • Fructose • Galactose

  5. Isomers • Have the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas • Glucose, Galactose and Fructose all have the same molecular formula…what is it? • C6H12O6

  6. Carbohydrates – 3 types • Disaccharides • 2 monosaccharides linked together • Dehydration synthesis • Predict the molecular formula for a disaccharide. • C12H22O11

  7. Disaccharides - examples • Sucrose • Glucose and fructose • Maltose • 2 glucose • Lactose • Glucose and galactose

  8. Carbohydrates – 3 Types • Polysaccharides • Many monosaccharides linked together • Dehydration Synthesis • Polymers

  9. Carbohydrates - Uses • Used by cells to store and release energy • Used to make cell structures

  10. Energy Storage • Simple Sugars • Quick release E • Mono and di’s • Starch • Long term E storage • Straight chain • plants • Glycogen • Long term E storage • Branched chain • animals

  11. Structural Carbs • Cellulose • Structural • Chain-link fence • Plants • Chitin • Structural • animals

  12. 2. 1. 3. 4. Which of the following represents a monosaccharide? • Picture Choice 1 • Picture Choice 2 • Picture Choice 3 • Picture Choice 4

  13. What elements are present in carbohydrates? (Answer all that apply) • C • H • N • O • P • S

  14. How does a simple sugar become a polysaccharide? • Adding water • Removing water

  15. The molecular formula for Glucose is which of the following? • C6H12O6 • C12H22O11 • C6H10O5 • C12H12O6

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