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Presented by: Kristen A Mitchell

Development of experience-dependent brainstem responses to voice pitch in newborns and early infancy. Presented by: Kristen A Mitchell. Voice Pitch. Voice pitch is used to help with speech understanding Voice pitch can convey different meanings in regards to tonal and non-tonal languages

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Presented by: Kristen A Mitchell

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  1. Development of experience-dependent brainstem responses to voice pitch in newborns and early infancy Presented by: Kristen A Mitchell

  2. Voice Pitch • Voice pitch is used to help with speech understanding • Voice pitch can convey different meanings in regards to tonal and non-tonal languages • Non-tonal language • English • We’re going to the mall today vs. We’re going to the mall today? • Tonal language • Mandarin Chinese • yi¹ vs. yi² vs. yi³ vs. yi4

  3. Voice pitch: are we born with ability? • Eimas et al., 1971 • Newborn infants have the ability to differentiate between the different adult phonemes • Kuhl 2010 • Newborns and young infants have the ability to discriminate between nonnative speech sounds without any prior experience • Evidence of “biological capacity” model

  4. Frequency-Following response • Provides information about pitch coding at the level of the brainstem • Non-invasive • Objective measurement • Low-frequency acoustic stimuli is presented to the auditory system at level of brainstem • Synchronous electrical activity corresponds to each wave in the acoustic signal Gardi et. al., (1979); Krishnan (2002); Jeng et. al., (2011)

  5. Why is FFR important? • Help identify populations with autism spectrum disorders and reading and spelling difficulties • Help make direct comparisons with adults Russo et. al., (2008); Chandrasekaran et al., (2009)

  6. Literature Jeng et. al., (2011)

  7. Literature • FFR in infants • Eimas et. al., (1971) • Werker & Tees (1984) • Carral et. al., (2005) • Kuhl (2010) • Jeng et. al., (2011)

  8. Research Question • Can we record the FFR of newborn infants to voice pitch? • Will there be a difference in the FFR of newborn infants from two linguistic backgrounds?

  9. hypothesis • We will be able to record the FFR of newborn infants to voice pitch. • Based on the “biological capacity” model,there will be no difference in the voice-pitch processing of American and Chinese newborn infants during their first week of life.

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