Group Work

1. Group Work • In your groups... • Read the article you are given & prepare a summary to give to the class. • Summary should be what the article was about and can include statistics. Each group member does not have to talk, one member of each group will be ok.

2. 12 September 2013 Questions • Trivia: 30% of men have cried because of this. What is it? • Health: Do you remember what you were doing 12 years ago yesterday (9/11/01)? Do you remember what where you were or what was going through your head? Do you remember how your parents, friends, teachers reacted?

3. Lesson 9 Developing a Healthy Mind

4. Objectives • Students will be able to: • 1) Identify influences on personality and describe the different personality types. • 2) Discuss ways addictions can affect health status. • 3) Identify types and signs of addictions and ways to avoid addictions. • 4) Discuss codependence • 5) Outline categories of mental disorders, giving examples of each • 6) Discuss mental-health services. • 7) Identify strategies for coping with anxiety.

5. Personality • An individual's unique pattern of characteristics. • What are some personality traits? • What is your personality type? • Class Personalities • What does your personality mean? • What animal are you?

6. What to Know About Personality • Heredity: • Helps to determine your intellectual abilities, temperment, and talants. • Example: athletic & artistic abilities • Environment • Influences everything that is around you. Where you live and the people you live with have influences on you • Attitudes • The feeling or emotion a person has toward someone or something. • Behaviors • Your behavior is what you do & what you do influences your personality.

7. Addictions • A compelling desire to use a drug or engage in a specific behavior, continued use despite negative consequences, and loss of control.

8. How Addictions Affect Health Status • An addiction can harm physical health. • An addiction can jeopardize safety. • An addiction can harm relationships. • An addiction can cause problems with the law. • An addiction can jeopardize financial health.

9. Depression or negative self-esteem Genetic vulnerability Feelings of guilt or shame Traumatic childhoods Feelings of tension, anxiety, boredom or lonliness Difficulty expressing feelings. Trouble managing anger Trouble accepting responsibility for their actions A constant need for approval A need to control others Poor coping skills Difficulty with authority figures Difficulty delaying gratification Personal problems that they deny Teens who are at risk for addictions may have one or more of the following characteristics

10. A Teen's Guide to Addictions • Drug Addiction • The compelling desire to use a drug even though it harms the body, mind, or relationships. • Exercise Addiction • The compelling desire to exercise. • Gambling Addiction • The compelling desire to bet money or other things. • Nicotine Addiction • The compelling desire for nicotine. • Perfectionism • The compelling desire to be flawless. • Relationship Addiction • The compelling desire to be connected to another person.

11. A Teen's Guide to Addictions (continued) • Shopping Addiction • The compelling desire to purchase things. • Television Addiction • The compelling desire to watch television. Would also include computer addiction and video game addiction. • Thrill-Seeking Addiction • The compelling desire to take unnecessary risks. • Workaholism • The compelling desire to work to fill an emptiness.

12. What to Do About Addictions • Stay Informed • Review the list of characteristics of teens who are at risk for developing addictions. • Recognize addictions in yourself and others. • Get help for addictions

13. Get Help for Addictions • Formal Intervention • An action by people, such as family members, who want a person to get treatment. • Relapse • A return to a previous behavior or condition.

14. Signs of Addiction • Having a compelling desire to take a drug or engage in a behavior. • Taking a drug or engaging in a behavior instead of dealing with feelings of anxiety, depression, boredom, or lonliness. • Feeling bad about oneself after taking a drug or engaging in a behavior. • Taking a drug or engaging in a behavior even when there are negative consequences. • Trying to stop taking a drug or engaging in a behavior, but being unable to do so.

15. Codependency • A problem in which a person neglects himself or herself to care for, control, or try to "fix" someone else. • What to Know About Codependency • Enabler: A person who supports the harmful behavior of others. • Support Group: A group of people who help one another recover from an addiction, a particular disease, or a difficult situation. • Alcoholics Anonymous • Narcatics Anonymous • Gambler's Anonymous

16. Mental Disorders • A behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and that is associated with distress or disability or with a significantly increased risk of suffering, death, pain, disability or an important loss of freedom.

17. Group Work • Each group will research a specific mental disorder. You will have 20 minutes to answer the questions on your worksheet as thorough as possible. When your mental disorder comes up during the lesson, you will teach the class about that mental disorder. • Each group member must speak during the presentation.

18. Group Assignments • Group 1: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder • Group 2: Social Anxiety Disorder • Group 3: Cognitive Disorder (Dementia) • Group 4: Clinical Depression • Group 5: Seasonal Affective Disorder • Group 6: Borderline Personality Disorder • Group 7: Schizophrenia

19. 16 September 2013 Questions • Trivia: According to USA today, there are over 600 types of this food. What is it? • Brain Teaser: A man left home one morning. He turned right and ran straight ahead. Then he turned left. After a while, he turned left again, running faster than ever. Then he turned left once more and decided to go home. In the distance he could see 2 masked men waiting for him. Who were they?

20. A Guide to Mental Disorders • Anxiety Disorders: A disorder in which real or imagined threats prevent a person from enjoying life. • General Anxiety Disorder: A chronic or long-lasting state of anxiety, fear, and tenseness. • People with this disorder feel tense or anxious all the time even when there is nothing to feel tense or anxious about. • Physical symptoms typcially include: fatigue, headache, muscle tension, muscle aches, difficulty swallowing, trembling, irritability, sweating, increased heart rate & hot flashes.

21. Anxiety Disorders (continued) • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) • A disorder in which a person has persistent, unwelcome thoughts or images and engages in certain rituals. • Disturbing thoughts are called obsessions. • Rituals performed are called compulsions. • Rituals relieve anxiety temporarily, but do not cause pleasure. • People with this disorder spend large amounts of time engaging in the rituals.

22. Anxiety Disorders (continued) • Panic Disorder • A disorder in which feelings of terror strike suddenly & repeatedly with no warning. • Feelings are accompanied by panic attacks (a period of intense fear accompanied by bodily changes. • Bodily changes may include: increased heart rate, weakness, faintness & dizziness. • People can't predict when a panic disorder will occur. • Symptoms usually peak in 10 minutes, but may last longer.

23. Anxiety Disorders (continued) • Specific Phobia • A disorder in which there is excessive fear of certain objects, situations, or people that pose little or no actual danger. • Fear feels very real to the person, even though it may not be realistic. • Might be accompanied by panic attacks. • Do you have any phobias? • List of phobias • Top 10 Phobias

24. Anxiety Disorders (continued) • Social Anxiety Disorder • A disorder in which a person is overly anxious and self-conscious in everyday social situations. • Physical symptoms are similar to other anxiety disorders. • People fear that they are being watched and judged by others at all times and are terrified nad being embarrassed or humiliated by their actions. • Can be limited to one situation such as public speaking or it might include all social situations

25. Check Your Understanding • 1) What is an addiction? • 2) How can a support group help people with codependence? • 3) What are the symptoms of a panic attack?

26. Anxiety Disorders (continued) • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) • A disorder in which aftereffects of a terrifying event keep a person from living in a normal way. • Often have frightening thoughts and memories of an event. • May have nightmares and disturbing thoughts during the day. • Can result from a number of traumatic incidents including: war, abuse, natural disasters, witnessing a bomb or terrorist attack. • Professional help, stress-management skills and talking with a responsible adult are ways to cope with PTSD

27. Cognitive Disorder • A disorder in which a person's brain deteriorates in function. • Dementia: A condition in which brain deterioration affects memory, language, and reasoning • Differs from forgetfulness associated with tiredness & depression. • Progresses from mild through severe stages, and is fatal. • Alzheimer's disease is a common cause of dementia.

28. Conduct Disorder • A disorder in which a person regularly violates the rights of others and breaks social rules. • Characteristics: bullying, start fights, cruel to people or animals. • Possibly damage property steal or set fires. • These peopel violate rules, and typically have little or no remorse for their wrong actions. • Possibly also abuse alcohol and other drugs.

29. Eating Disorders • A mental disorder in which a person has a compelling need to starve, to binge, or to binge and purge. • People who have eating disorders are more at risk for depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. • Three types: • Anorexia Nervosa • Bulimia • Binge Eating Disorder

30. Anorexia Nervosa • An eating disorder in which a person starves his or her body and weighs 15 percent or more below the healthful weight for his or her age and gender. • Typically have a distorted body image and see themselves as being overweight even though they are overly thin. • May exercise to extremes, vomit, or use laxatives and/or diuretics.

31. Bulimia • An eating disorder in which a person binges and then purges • Eat foods in large quantities then purge or use laxatives or diuretics.

32. Binge Eating Disorder • A disorder in which people binge on large quantities of food. • Increases a person's risk for obesity and chronic diseases.

33. Mood Disoders • A mental disorder involving moods that are extreme. • Sometimes called affective disorder. • Examples • Clinical Depression • Bipolar Disorder • Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

34. Clinical Depression • A mood disorder charaterized by long lasting feelings of hopelessness, sadness, or helplessness. • People are considered clinically depressed if they have not had a recent trauma, and experience five of nine general symptoms for two weeks or more. • Symptoms include deep sadness, apathy, fatigue, agitation, sleep disturbances, weight or appetite changes, lack of concentration, feelings of worthlessness, & morbid thoughts.

35. Bipolar Disorder • A disorder in which a person's moods vary from extreme happiness to extreme depression. • Manic Phase: May experience great joy for no reason and be very talkative. • Depressive Phase: Passive mood, has little energy, possible thoughts of suicide. • Depressive phase ends when the person's mood swings back to the manic phase.

36. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) • A type of depression that occurs when a person has reduced exposure to sunlight. • Possible symptoms: increased appetite, decreased physical activity, irritability, and general depression. • Symptoms experience during months when there is reduced sunlight. • Special light therapy for short periods daily will relieve many symptoms

37. Personality Disorders • A disorder in which a person's patterns of thinking, feeling, & acting interfere with daily living.

38. Antisocial Personality Disorder • A personality disorder in which a person's patterns of behavior are in conflict with society. • Often times these people are hateful, aggressive, & irritable. • Possibly indifferent to others' needs and feel no remorse for their actions.

39. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) • A disorder in which a person has sudden changes in mood, relationships, and behaviors. • People with BPD are often impulsive. • Feelings toward family and friends can shift from love to anger. • Fear abandonment • People with BPD have a high rate of self-injury with or without suicidal intent.

40. Schizophrenia • A disorder in which there is a breakdown in logical thought processes. • The breakdown results in unusual behaviors. • People schizophrenia tend to have hallucinations, delusions, & a distorted perception of reality. • Actions, words, & emotions are confused and usually inappropriate. • Schizophrenia is not curable but is treatable with medication.

41. Check Your Understanding • 1) What causes PTSD? • 2) What are symptoms of clinical depression? • 3) How is schizophrenia treated?

42. Somatoform Disorders • A disorder in which a person ahs symptoms of disease but no physical cause can be found. • Hypochondria: A disorder in which a person is constantly worried about illness. • Often misinterpret aches, pains & other symptoms, & worry about developing and illness or disease even though they are assured they are healthy.

43. Mental-Health Services • Treatment for Mental Disorders & Addictions • Formal Intervention • Evaluation • Psychiatrist: A physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders and can prescribe medication. • Psychologist: A professional who specializes in the diagnosis of an coulseling for mental and emotional problems. They cannot prescribe medications. • Psychiatric Social Worker: Specializes in working with clients with mental and emotional problems.

44. Treatment for Mental Disorders & Addictions • Medication • Inpatient & Outpatient Treatment • Therapy • Support Groups