Learning Targets 4-6

1. Passive Transport Learning Targets 4-6

2. Passive Transport Cellular Transport Fact: Particles of matter are always in motion no matter what state this random motion helps explain how materials enter and exit the cell There are 2 ways that materials enter and exit the cell wall • Passive Transport- (Without using cell energy) Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, or Osmosis 2. Active Transport- (Requiring cell energy)

3. Wheee!!! high low This is gonna be hard work!! high low Active Transport 1. Protein Pumps 2. Endocytosis 3. Exocytosis Passive Transport 1. Diffusion 2. Facilitated Diffusion 3. Osmosis

4. Diffusion (Passive Transport)

5. Passive Transport

6. Osmosis (Passive Transport)

7. Osmosis Before • High conc of H2O on left of Membrane/ low conc of solute • Low conc of H2O on right of Membrane/ High conc of solute After • H2O molecules move from high conc , across The membrane, to low conc until DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM is reached. (conc solute/water on left = conc solute/ water on right) NOT AT DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM

8. Osmosis • Isotonic:Concentrated molecules on the inside = Concentrated molecules on the outside • Random motion allows water in and out, but at the same rate • Therefore No concentration gradient

9. Osmosis 2. Hypotonic: Concentration Soluteson the Outside < Concentration Solutes inside • High water on outside, low water inside • Water goes into cell, and cell swells • Increase in cell pressure called TURGOR PRESSURE

10. Osmosis 3. Hypertonic- Concentration Solute Outside > Concentration Solute Inside • High Water inside, low water outside • Water goes out of cell and decreases cell pressure • Cell Shrivels • Plasmolysis- Loss of cell pressure

11. Bellringer • The two main parts of the cell membrane’s phospholipid bilayer are…? • ________________ and b. ______________

12. Bellringer • From the Sandwich Baggie Demo, we learned iodine molecules were able to pass through the membrane because they were…? • Small enough • Attracted to the starch • Very large • Faster to diffuse than starch molecules

13. Bellringer • The Cell Membrane Test is coming soon. Mrs. Weber set up a study group to facilitate our studying. What does the word facilitate mean?

14. Bellringer • Water and other molecules don’t always share e-’s equally. This give the molecules a partially positive and partially negative charge. We say these molecules are POLAR. • Does the cell membrane easily allow polar molecules? Y or N • Which part of the cell membrane is hydrophobic and dislikes polar molecules? _________________

15. Facilitated Diffusion (Passive Transport) !! Okay…so molecules pass through the cell membrane based on… • Size -Small molecules pass easily, -Large molecules do not or cannot • Polarity(if the molecule has charged ends it will not be able to pass the hydrophobic lipids) Polar

16. Ions Sugars FacilitatedDiffusion Q: How do LARGE or POLAR molecules enter the cell? A: Through PROTEINS! Common for Sugars, Amino Acids, or charged molecules like ions or polar molecules. Amino Acids

17. Facilitated Diffusion (Passive Transport) Proteins HELPor FACILITATE the passage of larger or polar molecules Kinds of Proteins Channel Proteins -have a tube down the middle of the protein thru which molecules can diffuse Carrier Proteins -change their shape to fit specific molecules

18. Facilitated Diffusion Animation