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Weighing Carbon

This guide explores the concept of a mole, Avogadro's number, and molar mass, emphasizing how we use these ideas in chemistry. It explains the significance of carbon and its atomic mass in grams rather than atomic mass units (amu). It illustrates these concepts with relatable analogies such as serving hamburgers and calculations involving different elements and compounds. By breaking down complex topics into understandable sections, this resource aims to enhance your grasp of essential chemical principles.

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Weighing Carbon

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  1. Avogadro’s Number Weighing Carbon Can’t weigh individual atoms Define in terms of grams, not amu Reference: 12 g of carbon-12 Contains 6.02 x 1023 carbon atoms = 1 mole

  2. How big is a mole? • The McDondald’s Corporation: • “Billions Served Daily” • How long to serve a mole? • 6.022 x 1023 hamburgers • 3.6 x 109 hamb/day = 1.67 x 1014 days • = 458 billion years!

  3. One Mole of: S C Hg Cu Fe

  4. C Atomic # MOLAR Mass (in g) 6 Symbol Carbon Name 12.01

  5. eggs shoes Molar mass is the mass of 1 mole of in grams marbles atoms 1 mole 12C atoms = 6.022 x 102312C = 12.00 g 1 12C atom = 12.00 amu 1 mole C atoms = 12.01 g 1 mole lithium atoms = 6.941 g of Li For any element atomic mass (amu) = molar mass (grams)

  6. Do You Understand Molar Mass? 1 mol K 6.022 x 1023 atoms K x x = 1 mol K 39.10 g K How many atoms are in 0.551 g of potassium (K) ? 1 mol K = 39.10 g K 1 mol K = 6.022 x 1023 atoms K 0.551 g K 8.49 x 1021 atoms K

  7. 1S 32.07 amu 2O + 2 x 16.00 amu SO2 SO2 64.07 amu Molecular mass (or molecular weight) is the sum of the atomic masses (in amu) in a molecule. For any molecule molecular mass (amu) = molar mass (grams) 1 molecule SO2 = 64.07 amu 1 mole SO2 = 64.07 g SO2

  8. Do You Understand Molecular Mass? 1 mol C3H8O x 60 g C3H8O How many moles of C3H8O are in 72.5 g? 1 mol C3H8O = (3 x 12) + (8 x 1) + 16 = 60 g C3H8O = 1.2 moles C3H8O 72.5 g C3H8O

  9. Do You Understand Molecular Mass? 8 mol H atoms 6.022 x 1023 H atoms 1 mol C3H8O x x x = 1 mol C3H8O 1 mol H atoms 60 g C3H8O How many H atoms are in 72.5 g of C3H8O ? 1 mol C3H8O = (3 x 12) + (8 x 1) + 16 = 60 g C3H8O 1 mol C3H8O molecules = 8 mol H atoms 1 mol H = 6.022 x 1023 atoms H 72.5 g C3H8O 5.82 x 1024 atoms H

  10. Chemical Calculations 1 mole of CO2 = 6.02x1023 molecules CO2 Has a molar mass (M) of 12.01+16.00+16.00 = 44.01 g

  11. 12.01g C . 44.01g CO2 x 100% = 27.3% So 1 mol of carbon weighs 12.01 g 1 mol of CO2 weighs 44.01 g If 3.3 Gt of C are put in the air: 3.3 Gt C x 44.01 Gt CO2= 12 Gt CO2 put in the air 12.01 Gt C

  12. Section 3.7 Chemical Reaction: Substances  new substances Chemical Equation: Symbols showing what happens

  13. 2 Mg(s) + O2(g) 2 MgO(s) (Reactants) (Products) Physical states: sometimes omitted MUST be balanced!

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