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January 24-26, 2019

January 24-26, 2019 Colloque de la Société d’Historie et d’Epistémologie des Sciences du Langage, 2019 Université Paris- Diderot Sifting through the pages of WORD: The International Linguistic Association as a promoter of academic pluralism Enrico Torre. Synopsis

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January 24-26, 2019

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  1. January 24-26, 2019 Colloque de la Société d’Historie et d’Epistémologie des Sciences du Langage, 2019 Université Paris-Diderot Sifting through the pages of WORD: The International Linguistic Association as a promoter of academic pluralism Enrico Torre

  2. Synopsis • The Linguistic Circle of New York / ILA • WORD • 2.1 Phase 1: 1945-1971 • 2.2 Phase 2: 1977-2009 • 2.3 Phase 3: 2015-present • Summary • Conclusions

  3. 1. The Linguistic Circle of New York / International Linguistic Association

  4. Background: the 1940s • Bloomfieldians (or, maybe more accurately, Tragerians) dominating the Linguistic Society of America (see e.g., Robins 1967: ch. 8; Joseph 2002: ch. 3). • Becoming more and more elitist (see e.g., Householder 1978). • A sense of discontent spreading among fellow linguists (see e.g., Hymes & Fought 1981). • A lack of understanding (even mutual hostility) between American and European scholars (see e.g., Haugen 1951; Voegelin and Voegelin 1963; Greenberg 1994).

  5. The Circle In October 1943, the Linguistic Circle of New York was founded (some early members in the pictures below). G. Bonfante R.A. Fowkes R. Austerlitz A. Martinet W. Leslau M. Swadesh R. Jakobson L.H. Gray

  6. The Circle • Initially, meetings held at Columbia University and the École Libre des Haute Études. • Every second Saturday of the month, followed by a public speech (G. Bonfante, A.H. Hill, H. Hoenigswold, T.A. Sebeok, W.G. Moulton, W. Labov, B. Comrie, C. Ferguson). • Roman Jakobson (1896-1982) and soon André Martinet (1908-1999) were the most influential personalities. • Within 15 years, 1,400 members across the globe. • 1969, name changed to International Linguistic Association.

  7. 2. WORD

  8. WORD • First issue released in April 1945, with a foreword by Henri F. Muller (1879-1959), the first president of the Circle (1943-1956). • First editor: Pauline Taylor. • Initially, three issues of the journal were published per year. • Between 1952 and 1955, four issues of Slavic WORD were also released. • Six monographs as supplements to WORD. • A collection of studies in honor of George C. Pappageotes (1926-1963).

  9. My database • WORD digital archive were consulted on the Taylor and Francis website. The following issues are missing: • 27.2 • 27.3 • 29.1 • 30.1-2 • 33.3 • 40.1 & 40.3 • 43.1-3 • 45.1 • 46.3 • 54.1 • 54.2 • 55.3 • 56.2

  10. My database • The hard copy of the missing issues consulted at the University of Genoa, Department of Antiquity, Philosophy, and History. • Only consider papers, including articles from special issues (no reviews, notices, or obituaries). • Focus on the evolution of the journal over time and the heterogeneity of the contributions.

  11. 2. WORD 2.1 Phase 1: 1945-1971

  12. WORD 1.1 – Muller (1945) Muller, H.F. 'Word,' pp. 3-4.

  13. WORD 1.1 – Muller (1945) Muller, H.F. 'Word,' pp. 3-4.

  14. WORD 1.1 – Gray (1945) Gray, L.H., ‘Man in Anglo-Saxon and Old High German Bible Texts,' pp. 19-32.

  15. WORD 1.2 – Cassirer (1945) Cassirer, E.A. 'Structuralism in Modern Linguistics,' pp. 99-120.

  16. WORD 2.1 – Hatcher (1946) Hatcher, A.G. 'Epic Patterns in Old French,' pp. 8-24.

  17. WORD 4.3 – Joffe (1948) Joffe, N.F. 'The Vernacular of Menstruation,' pp. 181-186.

  18. WORD 7.1 – Nida (1951) Nida, E. 'A System for the Description of Semantic Elements,' pp. 1-14.

  19. WORD 10.2-3 – Weinreich (1954) Weinreich, U. 'Is a Structural Dialectology Possible?,' pp. 388-400.

  20. WORD 13.3 – Katsoudas & Humecky (1957) Katsoudas, A. & Humecky, A. 'Ambiguity of Syntactic Function Resolved by Linear Context,' pp. 403-414.

  21. WORD 14.2-3 – Berko (1958) Berko, J. 'The Child's Learning of English Morphology,' pp. 150-177.

  22. WORD 15.2 – Ferguson (1959) Ferguson, C. 'Diglossia,' pp. 325-340.

  23. WORD 16.1 – Martinet (1960) Martinet, A. 'Elements of a Functional Syntax,' pp. 1-10.

  24. WORD 17.2 – Chomsky (1961) Chomsky, N. 'Some Methodological Remarks on Generative Grammar,' pp. 219-239.

  25. WORD 17.2 – Halliday (1961) Halliday, M.A.K. 'Categories of the Theory of Grammar,' pp. 241-292.

  26. WORD 18.1-3 – Greenberg (1962) Greenberg, J. 'Is the Vowel-Consonant Dichotomy Universal?,' pp. 73-81.

  27. WORD 19.3 – Labov (1963) Labov, W. 'The Social Motivation of a Sound Change,' pp. 273-309.

  28. WORD 20.2 – Teeter (1964) Teeter, K.V. “Descriptive Linguistics in America: Triviality vs. Irrelevance”, pp. 197-206.

  29. WORD 27.1-3 – DeStefano (1971) De Stefano, J. 'Developmental Sociolinguistics: Child language in a social setting,' pp. 485-495.

  30. A crisis in the 1970s • WORD was undergoing financial trouble, which led to delays in the publication of the journal (Householder 1978). • As a consequence, WORD became a less attractive venue for publication. • A necessary process of reorganization was eventually carried out and the publication of WORD was restored (Chang-Rodríguez 1995).

  31. 2. WORD 2.2 Phase 2: 1977-2009

  32. WORD 28.1-2 – Pilch (1977) Pilch, H. 'Aphasia in Welsh,' pp. 207-229.

  33. WORD 29.2 – Leonard (1978) Leonard, L. 'The Phonology of Deviant Child Language,' pp. 139-147.

  34. WORD 31.1 – Kao (1980) Kao, D. 'Linguistic Characterization in Dream of the Red Chamber,' pp. 109-117.

  35. WORD 35.2 – Antal (1984) Antal, L. 'Psychologism, Platonism and Realism in Linguistics,' pp. 163-175.,

  36. WORD 36.1 – Cannon & Robertson (1985) Cannon, G. & Robertson, S. 'Sexism in Present-Day English: Is It Diminishing?' pp. 23-35.

  37. WORD 40.1-2 – Lemke (1989) Lemke, J.L. “Semantics as Social Values”, pp. 37-50.

  38. WORD 44.2 – Della Volpe (1993) Della Volpe, A. 'On Evidence of Ranked Status in Indo-European: PIE *wik-pot-i,' pp. 255-271.

  39. WORD 45.1 - Fowkes (1994) Fowkes, R.A. ‘The International Linguistic Association: A Subjective History' pp. 1-17. Cassirer, E.A. 'Structuralism in Modern Linguistics,' pp. 99-120.

  40. WORD 46.2 – Rashidi (1995) Rashidi, L.S. 'The Ergativity Option: An Alternative Way of Viewing the Grammar of Dari ,' pp. 169-182.

  41. WORD 51.3 – Fawcett (2000) Fawcett, R. 'In Place of Halliday's Verbal Group,' pp. 327-375.

  42. WORD 52.1 – Gómez-González (2001) Gómez-Gónzalez, M.A. 'Some Reflections on Systemic Functional Grammar: With a Focus on Theme,' pp. 1-28.

  43. WORD 54.3 – Grzega (2003) Grzega, D. “On Using (and Misusing) Prototypes for Explanations of Lexical Changes”, 335-357.

  44. WORD 57.1 – Lilian (2006) Lilian, D. 'Neo Conservative Racist Discourse: A Canadian Case-Study,' pp. 71-95.

  45. WORD 60.1 – Tranter (2009) Tranter, N. 'Graphic Loans: East Asia and Beyond,' pp. 1-37.

  46. A new stop • No issues of WORD were published between 2010 and 2014. • Reorganization of ILA and WORD and publication restored in 2015. • The journal now functions on the New York-Hong Kong-Beijing axis. • Four issues are now published every year. • WORD keeps welcoming contributions on all aspects of language, despite tight links with the Hallidayan paradigm.

  47. 2. WORD 2.3 Phase 3: 2015-present

  48. WORD 61.3 – Matthiessen & Teruya (2015) Matthiessen, C.M., & Teruya, K. 'Grammatical Relations of Rhetiorical Relations in Different Registers,' pp. 232-281.

  49. WORD 62.4 – Leong (2016) Leong, P.A. 'Thematic Density of Research-Article Abstracts: A Systemic-Functional Account,' pp. 209-227.

  50. WORD 63.2 – Fontaine (2017) Fontaine, L. 'On Prepositions and Particles: A Case for Lexical Representation in Systemic Functional Linguistics,' pp. 115-135.

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