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Understanding Acetylcholine Transmission and Nerve Agent Effects on Synaptic Action Potential

This chapter explores the dynamics of Acetylcholine (ACh) transmission at the synapse, detailing its release from the axon terminal, binding to post-synaptic receptors, and the role of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in terminating ACh's action. It highlights the impact of nerve agents on AChE, leading to increased ACh levels and sustained synaptic transmission. Additionally, the discussion raises ethical considerations surrounding psychosurgery and electrical brain stimulation as potential treatments for chronic offenders, examining their implications as alternatives to the death penalty.

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Understanding Acetylcholine Transmission and Nerve Agent Effects on Synaptic Action Potential

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  1. Chapter 2 cont’ Dr. C. Pemberton

  2. Neuron

  3. Action Potential

  4. Action Potential

  5. ACh = AcetylcholineE = Acetylcholinesterase ACh is released at the axon terminal. ACh crosses the synaptic cleft. ACh binds with a receptor on the post-synaptic membrane. AChE (E) stops the action of ACh. Normal Transmission of Acetylcholine

  6. ACh is released at the axon terminal. ACh crosses the synaptic cleft. ACh binds with a receptor on the post-synaptic membrane. Nerve agents (NA) block the ability of AChE to stop the action of ACh. ACh continues to work and more ACh builds up in the synapse. ACh = Acetylcholine E = Acetylcholinesterase NA = Nerve Agent Transmission with Nerve Agent Poisoning

  7. ACh is released at the axon terminal. ACh crosses the synaptic cleft. ACh binds with a receptor on the post-synaptic membrane. Nerve agents (NA) block the ability of AChE to stop the action of ACh. Atropine blocks the receptor so that ACh cannot work. Note that there is NO direct effect on the nerve agent or AChE. ACh = Acetylcholine E = Acetylcholinesterase Effect of Atropine on the Transmission of Acetylcholine in the presence of a nerve agent

  8. Discussion • Under what circumstances (if any) do you think psychosurgery or electrical stimulation of peoples’ brains might be warranted? Should those with a chronic history of criminal offense be treated with psychosurgery or electrical brain stimulation? What do you think of psychosurgery or brain stimulations as an alternative to the death penalty.

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