Journal Club

1. Journal Club de Fine LichtS, WintherJF, GudmundsdottirT, HolmqvistAS, BonnesenTG, AsdahlPH, TryggvadottirL, Anderson H, WesenbergF, MalilaN, Holm K, HasleH, Olsen JH; on behalf of the ALiCCS study group. Hospital contacts for endocrine disorders in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS): a population-based cohort study. Lancet. 2014 Feb 17. pii: S0140-6736(13)62564-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62564-7. [Epub ahead of print] 埼玉医科大学　総合医療センター　内分泌・糖尿病内科 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University 松田　昌文　 Matsuda, Masafumi 2014年2月27日8:30-8:55 ８階　医局

2. Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark (S de Fine Licht MSc, J FalckWintherDMSc, T Gudmundsdottir MD, J H Olsen DMSc); Division of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden (A S Holmqvist MD); Department of Clinical Sciences (A S Holmqvist) and Department of Cancer Epidemiology (H Anderson PhD), Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Paediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (T G Bonnesen MD, P H Asdahl MD, Prof H Hasle PhD); The Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland (Prof L Tryggvadottir MSc); Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland (Prof L Tryggvadottir); Department of Paediatrics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway (F Wesenberg PhD); Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway (F Wesenberg); Norwegian Cancer Registry, Oslo, Norway (F Wesenberg); Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland (N Malila PhD); and Department of Paediatrics, Hilleroed Hospital, Hilleroed, Denmark (K Holm PhD) Lancet. 2014 Feb 17. pii: S0140-6736(13)62564-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62564-7. [Epub ahead of print]

3. Background The pattern of endocrine disorders in long-term survivors of childhood cancer has not been investigated comprehensively. Here, we aimed to assess the lifetime risk of these disorders in Nordic survivors of childhood cancer.

4. Methods From the national cancer registries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, we identified 31 723 1-year survivors of childhood cancer, notified since the start of registration in the 1940s and 1950s. From the national population registries, we randomly selected a comparison cohort of people matched by age, sex, and country. Study participants were linked to the national hospital registries, and observed numbers of first-time hospital contacts for endocrine disorders in survivors of childhood cancer were compared with the expected numbers derived from the population comparison cohort. We calculated the absolute excess risks attributable to status as a childhood cancer survivor and standardisedhospitalisation rate ratios (SHRRs).

8. Figure 1. Observed and expected hospitalisation rates per 100 000 person-years for any and selected endocrine disorders in 31 723 1-year survivors of childhood cancer in the Nordic countries by age at first hospital contact for an endocrine disorder

9. Figure 2. Cumulative risk for a first hospital contact for any type of endocrine disorder by age at first hospital contact for an endocrine disorder and by age at cancer diagnosis Error bars are 95% CIs.

10. Figure 3. Absolute excess risk per 100 000 person-years for a first hospital contact for any endocrine disorder by main childhood cancer diagnosis (International Classification of Childhood Cancer) AER=absolute excess risk. Error bars are 95% CIs.

11. Table 4. Standardisedhospitalisation rate ratios for endocrine disorders of any type and for subcategories of endocrine disorders distinguished by a lower 95% confidence limit of ≥10 by main diagnostic group of childhood cancer (ICCC)

13. Findings Of the childhood cancer survivors, 3292 had contact with a hospital for an endocrine disorder, yielding a SHRR of 4·8 (95% CI 4·6–5·0); the highest risks were in survivors of leukaemia (SHRR 7·3 [95% CI 6·7–7·9]), CNS tumours (6·6 [6·2–7·0]), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (6·2 [5·6–7·0]). The absolute excess risk for endocrine disorders was roughly 1000 per 100 000 person-years before 20 years of age, and 400 per 100 000 person-years during the remaining lifetime. For children with cancer diagnosed at 5–9 years of age, the cumulative risk for endocrine disorders was highest, and reached 43% at the age of 60 years. Diagnoses of pituitary hypofunction (SHRR 88·0), hypothyroidism (9·9), and testicular and ovarian dysfunction (42·5 and 4·7, respectively) together constituted 61% (655 of 1078) of all excess disease-induced and treatment-induced endocrine disorders in survivors of childhood cancer.

14. Interpretation A cumulative risk for endocrine disorders at 60 years of age of above 40% in survivors of childhood cancer emphasises the importance of minimisation of damaging treatment, intensification of secondary prevention, and targeting of survivor follow-up throughout life. Since most long-term childhood cancer survivors are not followed in a specialised late-effect clinic, they are a growing challenge for the primary care physician and medical specialists working outside the late-effect area. Funding The Danish Council for Strategic Research.

15. Message 北欧5カ国の全国癌登録に基づく小児癌の1年生存者3万1723人を対象に、内分泌疾患の生涯リスクを集団ベースのコホート研究で検討（ALiCCS試験）。10万人年当たりの内分泌疾患の過剰絶対リスクは、20歳までで約1000件、残りの生涯で約400件だった。癌診断時5-9歳の小児では、60歳時の累積リスクが43％で最も高かった。