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Understanding Optimal Arousal: Balancing Curiosity and Stimulation in Everyday Life

Our drive for stimulation goes beyond mere survival needs, as we continuously seek optimal levels of arousal that differ from person to person and situation to situation. The Yerkes-Dodson Law highlights this balance, emphasizing the importance of curiosity and stimulation in our lives. While physiological and safety needs are vital, belonging, esteem, and self-actualization further motivate us to engage in behaviors that may not fit traditional needs-based models. Cognitive dissonance plays a role as conflicting beliefs lead us to adjust either our beliefs or behaviors to restore equilibrium.

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Understanding Optimal Arousal: Balancing Curiosity and Stimulation in Everyday Life

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  1. Optimum arousal Curiosity (because it’s there) Stimulation (too little is boring, too much is stressful) We’re motivated by more than needs

  2. Not all behaviors achieve homeostasis or fulfill a need-based drive • Despite having biological needs satisfied, we feel driven to experience stimulation • Everyone has an “optimal level” of arousal • Optimal level is different for everyone and situational

  3. Yerkes-Dodson Law*

  4. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs • Physiological

  5. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Safety and Security

  6. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs • Belongingness and love

  7. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs • Esteem (recognition, respect, achievement)

  8. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs • Self-actualization

  9. Cognitive ConstancyCognitive Dissonance • Beliefs that are in opposition often produce conflict (cognitive dissonance) • Dick Cheney video

  10. Behaviors counter to beliefs produce conflict

  11. The individual is motivated to reduce the tension created by conflict

  12. Tension reduced by changing or modifying beliefs

  13. Tension reduced by changing or modifying behavior

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