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Objective: explain how and why racism and immigration were important issues in the United States in the 1920s. Immigration and Racism in the 1920s. New Vocabulary. Demobilization Unemployment Radicals Red Scare Civil liberties Discrimination Immigration Laws of 1921 and 1924 Nativism
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Objective: explain how and why racism and immigration were important issues in the United States in the 1920s Immigration and Racism in the 1920s
New Vocabulary • Demobilization • Unemployment • Radicals • Red Scare • Civil liberties • Discrimination • Immigration Laws of 1921 and 1924 • Nativism • Lynching • Ku Klux Klan
Immigration Cartoon Look at the cartoon on the right. What do you think is happening in the cartoon? What is the message?
Problems in the United States after the Great War • Demobilization: going from wartime to peacetime/ “After the Great War,” the United States demobilized because it did not have to fight” • Unemployment: not having a job/ “Unemployment increased in the United States after the Great War” • Fear of Radicals: people who want big changes in society very fast/ “One group of radicals in the United States after the Great War were the communists
How did the U.S. Deal with the Problems? • The Red Scare: a time in the early 1920s when people and the government were afraid of radicals, and especially communists • Civil Liberties of radicals taken away • Civil Liberties – free speech, press (newspapers), assembly, right to privacy, a fair trial, and more • Discrimination (unfair treatment) against immigrants
Examples of Discrimination • Immigration Laws of 1921 and 1924: made it difficult to come to the U.S., especially if you were not from Western Europe. No Japanese were allowed • Increased nativism (fear of foreign people and ideas); when people from China moved in next door, my nativist neighbor discriminated against them • Lynching (hanging someone illegally) of African-Americans:
Examples of Racism • KKK – Ku Klux Klandiscriminated against African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and anyone who seemed foreign • 1928 Presidential Election: discrimination against Al Smith because he was a Catholic
Growth of the KKK • During the 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan grew rapidly. As many as 5 million Americans during that time belonged to the Klan • In Indiana, 30 percent of white men belonged to the KKK and the governor of the state weas a member of the Klan • However, its membership declined rapidly when its leadership became involved in a major murder scandal