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ONION PLANT BREEDING. WORO RUKMI P H 0810122 YENY WIDYASTUTI H 0810124 YESI KRISTA K H 0810125. MALE STERILE TRANSFER FROM BOMBAY ONION INTO ONION AND MALE STERILE INHERITANCE. Use/Role/Economic Value of Plant.
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ONION PLANT BREEDING WORO RUKMI PH 0810122 YENY WIDYASTUTI H 0810124 YESI KRISTA K H 0810125
MALE STERILE TRANSFER FROM BOMBAY ONION INTO ONION AND MALE STERILE INHERITANCE
Use/Role/Economic Value of Plant Onion has high economic value because it is used as the main ingredient of cooking spice and processed taste enhance. The volatile oil contained in the onion can kill most staphylococcus and also streptococcus microbes that can cause thorax and pharynx inflammation. It can also kill diphtheria microbe, dysentery amoeba, and TBC microbe.
The Problems Of Plant Breeding The use of male sterile is the main condition to produce an efficient and commercial hybrid seed of onion, while in Indonesia, there is no male sterile onion.
OBJECTIVE/GOAL OF PLANT BREEDING To transfer the male sterile character from Bombay onion to onion and to find out the inheritance pattern of male sterile character.
Plant Proliferation Onion proliferates in natural vegetative manner, namely by lining tuber.
Classification Kingdom : Plantae (Tumbuhan)Subkingdom : Tracheobionta (Tumbuhanberpembuluh)Super Divisi : Spermatophyta (Menghasilkan biji)Divisi : Magnoliophyta (Tumbuhan berbunga)Kelas : Liliopsida (berkeping satu / monokotil)Sub Kelas : LiliidaeOrdo : LilialesFamili : Liliaceae (suku bawang-bawangan)Genus : Allium Spesies : Allium cepa
Plant Genetics Genotype of onion normal tuber is NMsMs, NMsms, and Nmsms. Genotype of Bombay onion’s male sterile is Smsms. If Smsms X Nmsms, all of springs F1will be male sterile
EXPERIMENT MATERIALS The experiment materials used were : three genotypes of Bombay onion tuber as the male sterile elder or (PA): 8901, 8907, and 8908; three genotypes of onion tuber as the normal elder (PB): Cipanas 86, Cipanas 88, andaMaja; nine genotype of F1 tuber (product of crossbreeding PA1,2,3 X PB 1,2,3) and three genotypes of S1 tuber (product of normal elder breeding only).
PLANT BREEDING METHOD Crossbreeding to obtain F1 and S1 is by planting male sterile elder seed tuber and normal elder. All seed tuber is vernalized for 3 weeks before planted at temperature 5oC-10oC. The variable observed is, anther shape and color; microscopic observation during meiosis of pollen cell, pollen shape and color, pollen viability(marked with the pollen germination).
RESULT The population of F1 the product of male sterile elder and normal elder crossbreeding show 94%-100% clear categorized into sterile. Thus, all of F1 plant populations belong to male sterile or homogeneous population. Male sterile is controlled by the result of recessive gene interaction in the nucleus and cytoplasm.
CONCLUSION The transfer of male sterile characters from Bombay onion 8901, 8907, and 8098 to onion Cip 86, Cip 88, and Maja has been successful with the male sterile characterinherited cytoplasmically.
