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Datagram and Virtual Circuit Network

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Datagram and Virtual Circuit Network. Datagram Network. Two packets of the same user pair can travel along different routes. The packets can arrive out of sequence . Packets contain full Source, Destination addresses. Requires no connection setup . Datagram. A, B, C, D, E – Users.

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Datagram and Virtual Circuit Network

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  1. Datagram and Virtual CircuitNetwork

  2. Datagram Network • Two packets of the same user pair can travel along different routes.

  3. The packets can arrive out of sequence.

  4. Packets contain full Source, Destination addresses. • Requires no connection setup.

  5. Datagram A, B, C, D, E – Users

  6. Virtual Circuit In a virtual circuit network. • Virtual Circuit(connection setup) is required.

  7. All packets of the same virtual circuit travel along the same path. • Packet sequencing is guaranteed.

  8. Packets contain short Virtual Circuit Id. (VCI). • First packet has large delay.

  9. Terminal Handling • For many applications cost of communication lines exceeds the cost of equipment connected by those lines.

  10. Here we have a terminal controller whichaccepts many input and gives a single output.

  11. Types of configurations • Multidrop • Point to point.

  12. Multidrop • Here all the terminals are wired onto the same multidrop line.

  13. Point to point • Here each terminal has its own point-to- point line to the controller.

  14. Polling • Each terminal has tokeep quiet until the controller says “Go ahead”.

  15. Details of polling differ for the multidrop controller and point-to-point controller.

  16. Multidrop Two methods are common 1. Roll-call polling 2. Hub polling.

  17. Roll-call polling • Controller sends a message to each terminal in turn, inquiring whether or not terminal has anything to say.

  18. These polling messages contain siteaddress or station address identifying which terminal is being addressed. • Each terminal knows its own address and only responds to its own polls, although it receives all the polls.

  19. Hub polling • Here the controller polls the furthest terminal from it.

  20. Point-to-point(Star) • Often uses roll-call polling • It has no site address.

  21. Multiplexing and concentration

  22. Terminal controllers are classified as,

  23. Multiplexer • A multiplexer is a device that accepts input from a collection of lines in some static, predetermined sequence, and outputs the data onto a single output line in the same sequence.

  24. Four terminal multiplexing

  25. If each terminal operates at 1200 bps, the output line must be 4 X 1200 = 4800 bps.

  26. Concentrators

  27. Identify the difference between Multiplexerand Concentrator

  28. Routing • Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network.

  29. Dijkstra's algorithm

  30. Step1- Determine the shortest path from node 1

  31. Step 2- The shortest path from node1 is 2.

  32. Step 3 - From 2 determine the next route. • But the distance between nodes1 and 3 is only 9

  33. Step 4 - Choose node 3.

  34. Step 5 - From 3 determine the next route.

  35. Step 6 - Choose node 6.

  36. Step 7 - From 6 determine the next route.

  37. Shortest route is 1-3-6-5 Distance - 20

  38. Thank You

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