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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED IN SMALL WIND TURBINES TEST PLANT.

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED IN SMALL WIND TURBINES TEST PLANT. NEW PROPOSALS FOR THE MEASUREMENTS. Luis Cano Santa Bárbara CIEMAT-CEDER (Spain). INDEX Background. CIEMAT’s SWT activities. National R&D Project. (PSE Miniéolica). Results. Analysis. Proposals to the measurements.

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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED IN SMALL WIND TURBINES TEST PLANT.

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  1. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED IN SMALL WIND TURBINES TEST PLANT. NEW PROPOSALS FOR THE MEASUREMENTS Luis Cano Santa Bárbara CIEMAT-CEDER (Spain)

  2. INDEX • Background. • CIEMAT’s SWT activities. • National R&D Project. (PSE Miniéolica). • Results. • Analysis. • Proposals to the measurements. • Conclusions. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  3. BACKGROUND • CIEMAT’s SWT activities is being carried out since 1998. • Capacities: • Power Performance Test (in accordance with IEC 61400-121). • Noise Emission Test (in accordance with IEC 61400-11). • Duration Test. (in accordance with IEC 61400-2). • Safety and Function Test. (in accordance with IEC 61400-2). • SWT Components Test (p.e. Blades, generator, etc). • Other tests interesting for the SWT research. • Hybrid systems based on Small Wind Turbines. Evaluation, study and design control strategies (PV-Wind and Wind Diesel systems). EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  4. FACILITIES • Test Facility Phase I, (PEPA I) SWT up to 6 kW. • Test Facility Phase II, (PEPA II) SWT up to 20 kW. • Test Facility Phase III, (PEPA II)SWT up to 100 kW. (under construction). • Blades Test Bench. Nominal length: 1 to 10 m. • Generators Test Bench. Up to 100 kW (under construction). • New building for the study of SWT integration in the architecture (under construction). EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  5. FACILITIES: PEPA I 100m Mast Wind Pumping Central building Wind-diesel system • 100 m height anemometer mast. • Wind pumping system. • Wind-diesel system. • Central building. • 4 Test positions. • Battery bank: up to 300 V. • Uninterrupted Monitored System : up to 128 channels. • Different Loads to simulate consumes. • Inverters/chargers: SWT test versatility. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  6. FACILITIES: PEPA II • Inverter Test. • Study of Isolated Hybrid Systems or connected to Weak Grids. • Possibility of installation, design and characterization of new systems based on Wind Energy: desalination, wind-hydrogen, etc. • Study of quality of energy in generators connected to the grid. • 5 Test Positions up to 20 kW. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  7. FACILITIES: PEPA III • Wind Turbines Grid integration. • Possibility of installation, design and characterization of new systems based on Wind Energy: desalination, wind-hydrogen, etc. • 8 Test Positions up to 200 kW. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  8. FACILITIES: BLADE TEST BENCH Blades from 3 to 10 m Blades from 1 to 3 m • Static Test. • Proper Frequencies Study. • Fatigue Test (under construction). EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  9. FACILITIES: GENERATORS TEST BENCH Control and monitoring system Electronic Loads Drive motor Torque measurement Small Generator • Different test to generators in accordance with Standards IEC 60034. • Efficiency. • Voltage-Current Curves. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  10. FACILITIES: NEW BUILDING UNDER CONSTRUCTION • Vibrations and noise. • Study of the behaviors of SWT on the rooftops. • Comparison and demonstration of different technologies. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  11. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA • Objective • Reduce the installed cost of SWT to 1500 €/kW. (p.e. large series manufacturing, fast blades manufacturing process, development of control systems, inverters, etc.). • Energy production cost 10-15 c€/kWh with wind speed of 5-6 to 10 m/s. • Increase the SWT reliability to achieve a 90% of availability. • Dynamize the SWT market. Target. 100 MW installed in a medium period. • Establish the certification and homologation procedures and centers. • Rise the Spanish SWT exportations. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  12. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA • Subprojects in which CIEMAT is involved: • SP 1.2:Active yaw power regulation SWT. • SP 1.3: Development of high performance and low cost SWT of 25/50/75 kW, with pitch control and variable speed. • SP 2.1: Design and Evaluation of Rotors. • SP 2.2: Development of multipurpose systems to regulate, control and supervise SWT generation systems. • SP 3.1: Measure and Test all the Spanish commercial SWT’s. • SP 3.2: EOLMAP. Spanish Wind Map for SWT installers and end users. • SP 3.6: SWT’s Standardization. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  13. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA SP 3.1: Measure and Test all the Spanish commercial SWT’s. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  14. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA Results: Bornay Inclin Neo 1500 HIGH UNCERATINTY SOME POINTS ARE OUT FIGURE EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  15. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA Results: Bornay Inclin Neo 3000 DOUBLE REGULATION? LESS UNCERTAINTY EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  16. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA Results: WINDECO VENTO 5000 BAD CONTROL STRATEGY EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  17. National R&D Project. PSE- MINIEOLICA • Analysis: • Significant variations has been detected between the measurements obtain and the expected ones (above all in the AEP curve). • It’s important to define quite well the regulation system in case of active control. • The results in noise emissions should be better in case of a massive installation. • A vibration analysis could be recommended in case of mounting over rooftops. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  18. Proposals • Background • It seem that the results are nor exactly what it’s expected. • That could mean, there would be several variables don’t take into account (p.e. turbulence, obstacles, etc). • AEP Curve is one the most important data for the costumers. • The results in these curves are very uncertain in low wind speed. • The cost of tests are very high for the manufacturer. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  19. Proposal • The SWT labeling could be a very good idea for the market. • In this way, it should be necessary international initiatives, for example the IEC WG2 for 61400-2 new edition and IEA Task 27 liaison to get better procedures to certificate and labeling future SWT. • Fitting curves in all the tests could be an interesting possibility to reduce the cost. • Noise emission test defined in the IEC 61400-11 is defined to Wind Farms, not in an urban site (p.e.) EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  20. Proposal Fitting curves. One line of work. Average wind machine power Electrical power Weibull probability density Test obtained EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  21. Conclusions • CIEMAT is making significant efforts to promote the increase of the reliability of Spanish commercial SWT. • Some new initiatives to produce advanced local wind turbines in a range around 100 kW are being widely considered. • It should be needed to focus more investigations on the measurements of the SWT’s and their components. • It’s necessary to develop new tools for the manufacturers training. • The actual measurement procedures should be more reliable. An important way for research is opened. • An effort on the standardization and/or labeling to carry out a friendly useful output for the end user and it should be made in a short period of time. EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

  22. THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION CEDER-CIEMAT LUIS CANO. luis.cano@ciemat.es Tel. +34975281013 Ext 324 Autovía A-15. Salida 56 42290 Lubia. SORIA (SPAIN) EWEC, Marseille, 19-Mar-09

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