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Introduction to Database Management: A Practical Textbook for Modern Organizations

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to database management, covering the fundamentals of relational databases, data modeling, database application development, and database administration. It explores the characteristics of databases, DBMS features, architectures, and organizational roles in managing databases. The book also discusses nonprocedural access, application development, and transaction processing. With detailed material and examples, this textbook is an essential resource for anyone seeking foundational knowledge in database management.

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Introduction to Database Management: A Practical Textbook for Modern Organizations

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  1. Chapter 1 Introduction to Database Management

  2. Welcome! • Database technology: crucial to the operation and management of modern organizations • Major transformation in computing skills • Significant time commitment • Exciting journey ahead

  3. Book Goals • First course in database management • Practical textbook • Fundamentals of relational databases • Data modeling and normalization • Database application development • Database administration and database processing environments • Detailed material

  4. Outline • Database characteristics • DBMS features • Architectures • Organizational roles

  5. Initial Vocabulary • Data: raw facts about things and events • Information: transformed data that has value for decision making • Essential to organize data for retrieval and maintenance

  6. Database Characteristics • Persistent • Inter-related • Shared

  7. University Database

  8. Water Utility Database

  9. Database Management System (DBMS) • Collection of components that support data acquisition, dissemination, storage, maintenance, retrieval, and formatting • Enterprise DBMSs • Desktop DBMSs • Embedded DBMSs • Major part of information technology infrastructure

  10. Database Definition • Define database structure before using a database • Tables and relationships • SQL CREATE TABLE statement • Graphical tools

  11. University Database

  12. University Database (ERD)

  13. Nonprocedural Access • Query: request for data to answer a question • Indicate what parts of database to retrieve not the procedural details • Improve productivity and improve accessibility • SQL SELECT statement and graphical tools

  14. Graphical Tool for Nonprocedural Access

  15. Application Development • Form: formatted document for data entry and display • Report: formatted document for display • Use nonprocedural access to specify data requirements of forms and reports

  16. Sample Data Entry Form

  17. Sample Report

  18. Procedural Language Interface • Combine procedural language with nonprocedural access • Why • Batch processing • Customization and automation • Performance improvement

  19. Transaction Processing • Transaction: unit of work that should be reliably processed • Control simultaneous users • Recover from failures

  20. Database Technology Evolution

  21. DBMS Marketplace • Enterprise DBMS • Oracle: dominates in Unix; strong in Windows • SQL Server: strong in Windows • DB2: strong in mainframe environment • Significant open source DBMSs: MySQL, Firebird, PostgreSQL • Desktop DBMS • Access: dominates • FoxPro, Paradox, Approach, FileMaker Pro

  22. Data Independence • Software maintenance is a large part (50%) of information system budgets • Reduce impact of changes by separating database description from applications • Change database definition with minimal effect on applications that use the database

  23. Three Schema Architecture

  24. Differences among Levels • External • FacultyAssignmentFormView: data required for the form in Slide 16 (Figure 1.9) • FacultyWorkLoadReportView: data required for the report in Slide 17 (Figure 1.10) • Conceptual: tables in Slide 11 • Internal • Files needed to store the tables • Extra files to improve performance

  25. Client-Server Architecture

  26. Organizational Roles

  27. Database Specialists • Database administrator (DBA) • More technical • DBMS specific skills • Data administrator • Less technical • Planning role

  28. Summary • Databases and database technology vital to modern organizations • Database technology supports daily operations and decision making • Nonprocedural access is a crucial feature • Many opportunities to work with databases

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