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Marine & Aquatic Sensor Arrays Ken Johnson Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

Marine & Aquatic Sensor Arrays Ken Johnson Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. General Outline:. Sustained, Integrated Ocean Observing Networks Observatories Network Issues Biogeochemical Sensor Systems.

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Marine & Aquatic Sensor Arrays Ken Johnson Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

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  1. Marine & Aquatic Sensor Arrays Ken Johnson Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute

  2. General Outline: • Sustained, Integrated Ocean • Observing Networks • Observatories Network Issues • Biogeochemical • Sensor Systems

  3. Ocean Observatories InitiativeApproved by the National Science Board for a Future NSF Budget Includes: Coastal Observatories Plate Scale Observatory Global Mooring Observatory

  4. Partners University of Washington Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution National Aeronautics & Space Administration,JPL Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute NEPTUNE Canada (IPOST)

  5. MARS (the Monterey Accelerated Research System). A cabled observatory in Monterey Bay built with NEPTUNE infrastructure as a proof of concept.

  6. TropicalAtmosphereOcean project Real-time data from moored ocean buoys for improved detection, understanding and prediction of El Niño and La Niña.

  7. Issues - • Existing ocean observing systems such as TAO & ARGO deal with relatively simple data sets of well known format - e.g. vertical T & Salinity profiles. • New sensors cannot be easily fit into the platform or data system. • Data transmission from unattended platforms in the middle of the ocean is a problem. ARGO Global Profiling Drifter Array Temp. & Salinity of Ocean Interior

  8. E.g., the MBARI OASIS System - Now two moorings in Monterey Bay & two in the equatorial Pacific. M1 M2

  9. MBARI OASIS Moorings The OASIS moorings communicate by ARGOS, microwave or packet radio. Adding new sensors becomes a large software configuration issue, particularly for complicated sensors.

  10. M1 Mooring Configuration Schedule • 07/03 Initial configuration meeting • 08/02 Final science list • 08/03 Evaluate configuration • 08/04 Instruments on hand for testing • 08/07 Assemble instruments & configure - 5 days • 08/14 Configure software - 15 days • 09/04 Software test - 5 days • 09/11 Close controller and install - 5 days • 09/19 Complete system test - 5 days • 09/28 Data download test - 1 day • 10/04 Deploy mooring & cross your fingers

  11. Software Infrastructure for the MBARI Ocean Observing System Tom O’Reilly Duane Edgington

  12. MOOS software • Application software for sensors, user interfaces, databases, etc. • Distributed applications are “glued” together by smart network infrastructure

  13. Smart network • Self-organizing; applications are notified by infrastructure when network configuration changes • E.g., database ingest engine always “aware” of available sensors • Enables automatic configuration, remote control, and autonomous coordination of sensors

  14. Network configuration • “Just plug the sensor in, and it works!” • Easily replace, remove, or add a new kind of sensor • Remote update of sensor’s driver software • Minimal configuration effort by human operators lower maintenance cost

  15. Leading technology candidates • CORBA • Java - JINI • LonWorks • Universal Plug-n-Play

  16. What kind of data will we assimilate in global observing systems? • Physical, geophysical observations (T, S, seismicity) - generally sensors are mature. • Chemical - nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, iron), gases (carbon dioxide, oxygen) - sensors exist but have not gone commercial. • Biological - bio-optical systems are mature, but not very specific. DNA based systems are beginning to appear.

  17. In Situ Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

  18. Measurement of pCO2 from Moorings: Gernot Friederich Peter Walz Mike Burzcynski Francisco Chavez all at MBARI

  19. El Niño / La Niña Cycle in Monterey Bay Temperature PCO2 (sea - air) matm

  20. DNA Based Detection of Phytoplankton Species Using the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) • Chris Scholin • Roman Marin • Gene Massion • all at MBARI NOTE: The entire phytoplankton standing stock of the ocean turns over each 4 days on average!

  21. Sandwich hybridization bioassay of rRNA in phytoplankton

  22. Iron (nM) Pseudo-nitzschia australis (cells/L) Does iron regulate toxic plankton blooms (e.g., Wells et al., Evaluation of iron as a triggering factor for red tide blooms. MEPS, 69, 93, 1991)?

  23. MOOS will be operational in 2003 for biogeochemical studies.

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