1. Get Your Daily CopY! facebook.com/mocomikids ISSUE 95 JULY 6, 2020 GO tO HOW DO THE INDIAN FREEDOM STRUGGLE STORY OF THE LEAP FROG ANIMALS SEE IN THE DARK?

2. FOLKTALE The Leap Frog One day, a grasshopper, a fea and a leap frog were engaged in a deep discussion. They wanted to fnd out who among the three of them could jump the highest. They invited the entire world to come and watch them jump. “Look at the three famous jumpers of the world,” said everyone when they were gathered in a room. Any competition in the world always has a prize for the winner. “I will give my daughter’s hand to the one that jumps the highest,” proclaimed the king. The fea was of extremely sophisticated manners. He stepped forward and bowed respectfully to the king and all the other spectators. He was of noble origin and was accustomed to human society. The grasshopper followed. He was heavier than the fea but equally polished in his manners. He wore a sophisticated green uniform. He introduced himself politely and said that he belonged to the Egyptian family and was much respected among his people. He was taken out from the felds, where he lived originally, and placed in a pasteboard house. The multi-storey house was made of court cards with windows and doors cut out of the queen of hearts. “I am an extremely talented singer,” the grasshopper said. “My music is so powerful that even the great native grasshoppers that learnt music right from childhood felt ashamed when they heard me singing.” The grasshopper and the fea made the best eforts to prove that they were the perfect match for the princess. The leap frog remained quiet. The house dog snifed the frog and declared that he belonged to a good family. The councillor also declared that the frog was indeed a prophet and stated that it was in the back of the frog that one can see if the winter would be mild or severe. It was very rare, as a thing like this cannot be seen even on the back of a human who writes an almanac. It was fnally time for the trial. The fea jumped extremely high. No one could fnd out where he actually went. So everyone assumed that he actually never jumped. The grasshopper jumped half the length of the fea and fnally landed on the face of the king. The king certainly did not take it well. The leap frog arrived and stood at the spot for a very long time. Everyone was bored and asserted that he would not jump at all. “I think he is not feeling well,” said the dog, when suddenly the leap frog jumped and landed on the lap of the princess who was sitting next to the king. The king said, “My daughter is the most precious to me. There is nothing above her and so, to bound up to her is the highest jump in the world. One requires a lot of understanding and strength of character to do such a thing. The leap frog has shown that he has it in him to be worthy of marrying my daughter.” Thus, the princess was married to the frog. The fea was disappointed and said, “I really do not care, the princess can have the frog. My jump was indeed the highest, but these days no one really values real merit. People are just infuenced by a fne exterior”. The grasshopper was also heartbroken and started singing his usual song of melancholy. 1

3. Find the Ten Hidden Crayons in the Picture Silly Rhymes The girl from Messina There was an old man of Messina, Whose daughter was named Opsibeena; She wore a small wig, and rode out on a pig, To the perfect delight of Messina.

4. spot ten differences 3

5. Tickle your funny bone communicate during the war? A: Moose Code Q: Why was the moose bored? A: He was not easily a-moosed. Q: What do you call a moose wearing a mask? A: Anonymoose Q: How did Canadians Q: What did the Mother Moose say to her child in the morning? A: You moost wake up! Don’t be Mean to Green 2

6. stories from history The Indian Freedom Struggle There was a heartfelt beginning to the freedom struggle. Men who are known for their peaceful methods such as Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, Aurobindo, Rabindranath Tagore and many others started spreading the word to the people that everyone must be passionate about gaining freedom. When news of World War I broke out, the British declared that Indians would be fighting for them against Germany. A large number of Indian soldiers served abroad. When the war came to an end, the British imposed stricter legislation in India to curb those people they felt were political extremists. To make up for the expenses incurred during the war, the British imposed higher taxes on Indians and even disrupted trade. Indian soldiers in the meantime smug- gled arms into India to overthrow the British. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi While all hope was diminishing, emerged a man whom the country began to revere, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Gandhi became the undisputed leader of the free- dom struggle. 5

7. Gandhi was a leader in South Africa during the anti-apartheid movement. He advo- cated the policy of Satyagraha and civil disobedience. Mahatma Gandhi as he was known, inspired millions to follow his path. His vision took the freedom struggle to the national level. The Rowlatt Act In 1919 an Act was passed which allowed the government the right to silence the press, arrest political activists or anyone they felt suspicious and keep them in prison without a trial. This Act was called the Rowlatt Act, also notoriously known as the Black Act. The Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy On April 13, the British led by General Dyer massacred hundreds of unarmed civil- ians, including women and children, who were attending a meeting. This incident is known as the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy in Amritsar, which triggered off nation-wide hatred for the British rule. Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in response to this tragedy. He called for the boycott of British educational institutions and courts. He urged the people to refuse to pay taxes and forsake British titles or honours. This was a serious problem for the Government. 7 6

8. In 1920, a new, reorganized Congress was formed with freedom as their only goal. It is here where some of our most prominent leaders emerged, Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhash Chandra Bose and Vallabhai Patel to name a few. Complete Independence These new leaders called for complete independence from the British and threat- ened nation-wide civil disobedience. Gandhi embarked on a march of about 400 kilometers from Ahmedabad to Dandi famously known as the ‘Salt Satyagraha’ or the ‘Dandi March’. This was to protest against British taxes on salt, and at Dandi, the law was broken by making their own salt from seawater. The British responded by making wide-spread arrests and firing on the crowds. Gandhi too, was sent to jail a number of times. The Government of India Act The Congress party and the government were at loggerheads for the next few years. In 1935, the British passed the Government of India Act, a last ditch effort to restore British rule in India. The Act called for an election and the Congress emerged as the dominant party. During this time the rift between the Congress and the Muslim League continued to grow. Muhammad Ali Jinnah Muhammad Ali Jinnah, President of the Muslim League, insisted that a separate Muslim state be carved out of British India to safeguard the interests of the Muslim community. This state would go on to be called Pakistan. Bhagat Singh and Chandrasekhar Azad During this period, armed rebellions against the British continued to grow in sev- eral parts of India. Shops were looted, a large number of people were murdered and many revolutionaries were captured and imprisoned. Leaders such as Bhagat Singh and Chandrasekhar Azad led acts of violence against the British. But soon the revolutionary activities died down and many rebel leaders joined political parties.

9. Animals can see in the dark to a certain degree depending on two aspects: 1. Spectral Range - The  electromagnetic spectrum is a map of all the types of light that we can see and identify. The electromagnetic spectrum separates all the types of light by their wavelength that depends on how ener- getic a particular wave is. Human vision is restricted to a small portion of the electro- magnetic spectrum; there are many kinds of electromagnetic waves that we cannot see. Nocturnal animals, on the other hand, have access to the wider sections of the spectrum and can see the infrared or ultraviolet spec- trum as well. 2. Structure of the Eyes - The eyes of noc- turnal animals are designed in a way that gives them the ability to sense very  small quantities of light. Some of the special fea- tures include large eyeballs,  large lenses,  wider and more sensitive pupils, more rods  in the retina, presence of additional tissue layers, etc. Many nocturnal animals do not have the ability to move their eyes but they have extraordinary rotational ability of the neck. Pondering Corner How Do Animals See in the Dark? Nocturnal animals have an additional tissue layer at the back of their eyes known as ‘tapetum lucidum’ which refects light back through the retina. This increases the amount of light entering into the retina and since they have more rods and cones, they can use the available light better than anyone else to see. 8

10. The two large moose met in the middle of a large meadow, prepared for battle. Their large antlers were shiny and ready for a fght. The winner would become the leader of the herd! They stood in front of each other and kicked of to charge. The were running straight for each other... Complete the Story... fun facts with Hamlet the Hamster To know or not to know, that is the question! Well, wouldn’t you prefer to know? Facts about the Moose Moose are the largest members of the deer family, weighing as much as 1200 pounds. The antlers aren't used much to fight. A moose's first line of defense is its sharp hooves. Moose lose their antlers every winter and grow new ones the following spring. They are naturally gifted swimmers and know how to swim from birth. 9

11. Fun With WordS W B U Take out a pen and paper and make as many words as you can with the letters in the wheel. O D S N O N Help the moose Reach the Pine Trees

12. The Team Editor Assistant and Copy Editor Aryaa Naik Dalmiya Lavanya Khare Content Contributing Writers Kaniz Fatima Khan Priyanka Garegat Deepti Raavi Ekta Bhatnagar Raunaq Amarnani Rituparna Chatterjee Archana Rajagopal Layout and Design Walmik Pawar Artists Kalpana Siromani Amol Padwal Shailendra Havane Sujith VS Rohini Dusane Bhavini Damani Sitanshu Bhartiya Atul Wankhade Archana Rajagopal Bharat Pillai Tushar Rokade Distribution Digital Marketing Dnyanesh Thombre Prashant Kini Shekhar Ramaiah Creator Jesh Krishna Murthy

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