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This chapter delves into the principles of probability, focusing on events with varying likelihoods such as certain (100%) and impossible (0%) outcomes. It emphasizes the importance of independent events, the Law of Large Numbers (LLN), and the mathematical operations of addition and multiplication in calculating probabilities. Through examples like weather reporting and the concept of compliments, this unit illustrates how to evaluate scenarios involving "at least one" versus "none." Additionally, practical calculations demonstrate the theoretical nature of probabilities in real-life applications.
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AP StatisticsUnit IVChapter 14: From Randomness to Probability
100% 50% 0% Settles down
probability Trial outcome event Independent
LLN Short-term infinitely
theoretical impossible certainty
“at least one” Compliment is “none” “OR” add “AND” multiply
.38 + .36 = .74 = 74% .16(.16)=.0256 = 2.56% Compliment (none of three pick purple) = (.84)(.84)(.84)=.592704 1-.592704 = .407296 = 40.73%