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London Internet Exchange

The London Internet Exchange (LINX), established in October 1994, is a neutral, not-for-profit organization that has grown to become the largest internet exchange in Europe and among the largest globally. With over 100 ISP members, LINX aims to provide efficient interconnectivity within the UK while promoting the interests of its members. This comprehensive overview discusses LINX's objectives, operational principles, infrastructure developments, and future expansion plans, illustrating its crucial role in maintaining UK internet traffic.

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London Internet Exchange

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  1. London Internet Exchange Keith Mitchell, Executive Chairman JPIX Meeting, July 2000

  2. LINX - History & Status • Started October 1994 • Neutral, not-for-profit • Now largest exchange in Europe • 4th or 5th In world • 100+ ISP Members • ‘World Class’ facility • Model for other IXPs

  3. LINX Objectives • Primary Objective • “To provide efficient interconnectivity for the UK Internet” Realise this by aiming to keep 100% of UK Internet traffic in the UK • Secondary Objective • “To promote the interests of its members” • Latter is only done on specific issues, where there is formal approval of strong consensus among members

  4. LINX Principles • Neutral locations • Not owned by ISPs or telcos • Neutral management • By association of members • Neutral operation • By dedicated autonomous staff • Should not compete with members’ services • No retail members, only ISPs • Well-funded quality facilities and infrastructure

  5. Principles (continued) • “Natural” national monopoly should be: • Not for profit • Efficient • Accountable • Routing policy is purely a matter for members, though some constraints: • Members must peer with at least 1 other • Direct bilateral connections also permitted

  6. LINX Members Cumulative 1994 - 2000

  7. 1 Members by Country Total = 109

  8. Network Topology

  9. Copper Patch Rack - THN

  10. Infrastructure Update (cont’d) • Switch Migration: • Now completed • Summit48 removed replaced by BD - greater port density (eg: max 64 Gige ports) • Telehouse North is still full • members gradually moving kit out, recovering space • Still requirement to increase Port Density • PE/Alcatel no longer suitable, due to gig density and lack of hardware development • New Switches - more later

  11. Telehouse North

  12. Gigabit Ethernet MAN • First deployed: • inter-switch 98Q4 • inter-site 99Q1 • Available to members: • pilot 99Q4 • service 00Q2 - 8 members • higher than forecast demand as members break the 100Mbps barrier • Total LINX traffic peak ~2.5Gbps

  13. Initial LINX Locations • From October 94 at Telehouse • Rewarding relationship for both parties  • But around 1997, Telehouse mostly full  • Also resilience concerns • Went out to tender for second site • 3 bids • But winning bidder pulled out 

  14. Model Evolution • Re-tendered • Commissioned 2nd Primary site with winners Telecity in 1998 • High quality of bids • Major co-lo provider growth in London Docklands & City area • Interest from 7 other CLPs • Requirements from LINX Members • Created ‘Expansion Site’ plan

  15. Thesis • IXPs originally providedefficient, co-ordinated connectivity through co-operation between ISPs • To evolve they must provide efficient, co-ordinated connectivity between CLFs & ISPs through co-operation between CLPs and ISPs

  16. The Alternative  • Multiple commercially competing CLFs per metro area will each have own IXP • Each ISP will need (either/both): • a presence at many CLFs • many private bi-lateral interconnects • The latter do not scale well across either full or many buildings

  17. The Strategy • Build an: • efficient • co-ordinated • neutral • not-for-profit dark fibre IXP between as many CLFs as possible

  18. The Strategy • Make IXP connection a: • single location • cheap • simple • facility independent service option for all ISPs

  19. CoLo Technical Criteria • Number of carriers with fibre into facility • Size of facility • Number of engineers, 24x7 operators • Security measures • Separate LINX cage located centrally • Fire protection system • Power: capacity, UPS, generators • Air conditioning • Verify by site visit

  20. Current Status • Primary sites at: • Telehouse, TeleCity • LINX purchased IRU on dark fibre to implement Gigabit MAN • Q1 2000: • Redbus Interhouse • Telehouse Eastern extension • Q2 2000: • Guardian DR, InterXion, IX Europe • equipment ready, waiting for fibre

  21. Conclusions • Have learnt lessons: • Physical infrastructure build quite painless • Contractual/legal issues very time consuming • New entrants to colo market a little over optimistic • Need to build relationship and trust with & between many CLPs • Each one gets easier 

  22. The Future • Developing 'Build your own exchange site' handbook • Open to further Expansion Site bids • Provisional approval from LINX members to work with CLFs: • outside London M25 • not connected to existing sites

  23. Further Information • http://www.linx.net • info@linx.org • +44 1733 207700 • Fax 1733 353929

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