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Optimizing HDTV Content Sharing with BIX: A Study of Peer-to-Peer Networking

This project examines the development of a high-speed transfer protocol for sharing High Definition TV (HDTV) content using a specialized P2P network, BIX. Motivated by Hong Kong's transition to HDTV, the objective is to create a user-friendly TV scheduler that enables eligible viewers to access HDTV programming. Through algorithmic optimization, we identify how to minimize both total and maximum waiting times. Results indicate that BIX outperforms BitTorrent in network efficiency, showcasing its potential as a reliable solution for content sharing in a decentralized model.

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Optimizing HDTV Content Sharing with BIX: A Study of Peer-to-Peer Networking

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  1. Buddy Internet Exchange LYU0701 Supervisor: Professor Michael R. Lyu Prepared By: Kwong Kwok Wai - 06545093 Chan Kwan Ho - 06837554

  2. Review of first term • Focus on thetransport-layer : Application independent • Network topology discovery could have further benefits to P2P applications

  3. Motivation • Hong Kong is in the progress of switching to High Definition TV Broadcast • Current coverage is not complete • Most recorders could not record two channels simultaneously • High bandwidth requirement to transfer over the Internet

  4. Objective • Build an easy-to-use TV scheduler • Share the TV contents to those who are eligible to watch but not able to receive HDTV signals. • Design a high-speed transfer protocol to optimize the total waiting time and the maximum waiting time

  5. Set-Top Box • A device to decode digital TV signal. • Equipped with network capabilities. • Could record TV programs into a hard disk • Not programmable by 3rd party, so we will simulate it using PC.

  6. Client Application

  7. Network Architecture • Client / Server Model • Fully Decentralized Model • Hybrid Decentralized Model • Efficient peer discovery • Bottleneck at peers only • Minor drawbacks The network formation of a hybrid decentralized model

  8. Client Application • Probe network connection speed for path determination • Probe network port connectivity

  9. Client Application • Easy-to-use GUI for HDTV recording schedule • Provides EPG for the coming week in form of XML

  10. Client Application • Records the HDTV program if hardware is available (not implemented) • Forms a P2P network as instructed by server. • Transfers HDTV contents

  11. BIX sharing network formation algorithm

  12. Algorithm design • Goal • Smallest total waiting time (Main Idea) • Smallest maximum waiting time • Cannot obtain both when huge number of ADSL users.

  13. Algorithm design • Sorting peers • 1st type causes of bottleneck • 3rd type is not efficient in sharing • Priority of 2nd type > 3rd type > 1st type

  14. Algorithm design • Sorting peers Variances = with pi = 1, Xi = priority, mean = 0 priority = where x = priority priority = priority * (user[uplink])1/2

  15. Algorithm design • Peers selection • Inter Peers Network Status Matrix (IPNSM)

  16. Algorithm design • Peers selection • In order of sorted list • Find the highest output node using IPNSM • Update IPNSM

  17. Algorithm design • Utilize non optimal link • Travel starts from leaf node • Connect to non optimal node in higher level

  18. Algorithm design • Inter ISP policy • Rules applied on non-reserved port • Upload bandwidth limit on fan out number • HKBN • Fan-out = 1, Output = MAX • Fan-out = 2, Output = MAX/2 • Fan-out >= 3, Output = MAX/4 • -HGC • Fan-out = 1, Output = MAX • Fan-out >= 2, Output = 310kb/s • Solution • Limit the number of connection to different ISP peer to 1

  19. Test Result • Compare with Bit Torrent (BT) • Each test is done for 5 times • Equipment: • 6PC • 2HKBN, 2HGC, 2PCCW

  20. Test Result • Case 1: Sharing 100MB video file. • Source: HKBN BB25 • Total waiting time of BIX: 9m 45s • Total waiting time of BT: 17m 54s • Maximum waiting time of BIX: 3m 52s • Maximum waiting time of BT: 6m 14s

  21. Test Result • Case 4: Sharing 2GB video file. • Source: HKBN BB25 • Total waiting time of BIX: 3h 14m 46s • Total waiting time of BT: 4h 25m 2s • Maximum waiting time of BIX: 1hr 16m 8s • Maximum waiting time of BT: 1h 25m 56s

  22. Test Result Overall result

  23. Explanation • BitTorrent has a solution for optimal path • Add information header • Huge overhead, consume processing power • Exchange groups of peers • Takes times, and may not be optimal • Inter ISP policy • Connected every peers • Fan-out to different ISP is large

  24. Conclusion • BIX has better performance than BT • Functional: • Better path • Concern of ISP policy • Non-functional: • CPU usage • Setup time

  25. Future development

  26. HDTV Content Reduction • 6GB for 1 Hour of HDTV content • Around 20% are commercials • Channel logo determines if it is a commercial

  27. HDTV Services • TiVo is a leader in TV services • Automatic recording scheduler • Real-time TV pause • Large volume hard disk for long playback • Easy to mimic • More advantage to share through internet • No legal issues ( ReplayTV )

  28. Q & A

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