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Controlling Tangent Pinches in the Design of Distillation Columns for

Science Symposium 99’. Controlling Tangent Pinches in the Design of Distillation Columns for the separation of non-ideal mixtures. Audi Okullo. Column distillation for non-ideal mixtures. Background Information on column distillation and the Chemical and Physical concepts

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Controlling Tangent Pinches in the Design of Distillation Columns for

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  1. Science Symposium 99’ Controlling Tangent Pinches in the Design of Distillation Columns for the separation of non-ideal mixtures Audi Okullo

  2. Column distillation for non-ideal mixtures • Background Information on column distillation • and the Chemical and Physical concepts • Design and considerations • Graphical representation • Simulation and Analysis of Economics of design

  3. The Concept of Design Inputs and out puts are Known Ideal mixture: approximate design and parameters using equation models non-ideal mixture: guess design and improve by successive simulation Steps Check feasibility Calculate minimum reflux r, (R/D) Calculate number of stages (N), Separation purities (99.5%) Energy requirements size of column

  4. Example of Distillation Tower

  5. Sections of a Distillation Tower

  6. Tray Hydraulics: vapor & liquid flows

  7. Operating Region for a Plate column

  8. Internal liquid and vapor flows

  9. Material Balances F = D + B FzF= DZD + BZB D = ZF-ZB B = ZD-ZF F ZD-ZB F ZD-ZB    Ideal mixture: i(T,P,x) = io (T,P) + RTln xi Non-ideal Mixture: il(T,P,x)=iol(T,P) + RTln xiyi Assume Constant Volatility and Molal Overflow

  10. Graphical Solution of a stripping design Operating line

  11. McCabe-Thiele showing a pinch

  12. McCabe Thiele Diagrams Minimum stages Minimum reflux

  13. Tangent Pinch controlling minimum reflux (Benzene-ethylenediamine )

  14. Tangent pinch on a bifurcation diagram

  15. Component Data

  16. Column with recycle

  17. Separation Profiles

  18. Sensitivity Analysis

  19. Two Columns with recycle

  20. Sensitivity Analysis

  21. Effects of Reflux Ratio on Costs

  22. Economics Operating Costs ln P= 0.00365h-6.3967 Cstm= (31 ln P -214) PE + 482 Pc Total Annual Costs TAC= [2.43 Kcap + 0.19] Ccap + Cop

  23. Acknowledgments Professor Mike Malone, UMass Chemical Engineering Dept. Advisor: Mary Campbell Professor: Sheila Browne Chemistry Department

  24. Traditional process to produce methyl Acetate

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