Greek Gifts

1. Greek Gifts Chapter 9 Lesson 2

2. Objectives • Describe how Greek mythology affected the arts and sciences of the ancient Greeks. • Explain what ideas and beliefs shaped cultural achievements in Athens.

3. Art and Architecture • Ancient Greeks made lasting contributions in the arts and architecture • Scholars have learned about Greek life by examining realistic works of art • Many modern buildings use Greek ideas of architecture

5. Literature and Theatre • Greek literature became the foundation of literature in many later Western cultures • Many English words come from Greek literature • Greek theatre included comedies and tragedies

6. Science, Mathematics, and History • Greek ideas led to the dawn of rational, or logical, thought in science, mathematics, history and philosophy • Greeks followed scientific methods that are still used today

7. Pythagoras • Greek philosopher and mathematician, inventor of geometry

8. Socrates • Greek philosopher who taught by asking questions • Taught Plato • Known for his contribution in the study of ethics

9. Hippocrates • Greek physician known as the Father of Medicine

10. Plato • Greek philosopher, student of Socrates, and teacher of Aristotle • Studied law, politics and education

11. Aristotle • Greek philosopher and tutor of Alexander the Great • Considered one of the greatest thinkers of all time • Taught by Plato • Advanced studies in science

12. Philosophy and Teaching • Socrates, Plato and Aristotle were teachers and philosophers who lived in Athens • Their work laid the foundation for later philosophers

13. Summary • The ancient Greeks made many lasting contributions • Greek literature, including mythology, poetry, and plays, continues to influence our literature and language today • The Greeks also challenged the ideas of their times in science, history, medicine, mathematics, and philosophy

14. Reading Check Questions • How does Greek literature of Homer influence our literature and movies today? • We use the main themes of the Odyssey in literature and movies • What contributions did Herodotus and Thucydides make to the recording of history? • Both wrote about different viewpoints. Herodotus collected data and drew conclusions, while Thucydides wrote without personal opinion. • Why did Athenian leaders dislike Socrates? • He openly criticized their leadership • What effect did Greek mythology have on art and architecture? • Greeks built temples to honor their gods, created statues of their gods, and painted scenes from Greek mythology