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First aid refers to the immediate care provided to a victim of injury or illness to minimize adverse effects until professional help arrives. Understanding basic first aid terms is crucial, including triage—a method for prioritizing treatment based on severity, types of wounds (open and closed), and complications like infection and shock. Key terms include dressing, bandage, and fracture. Familiarizing yourself with these concepts prepares you for effective emergency response, ensuring that victims receive appropriate care promptly.
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First Aid • Immediate care given to a victim of an injury or illness to minimize the effect of the injury or illness until experts can take over
Basic Terms Related to First Aid • Triage • Wound • Dressing • Bandage • Infection • Shock • Fracture
Triage • Is a method of prioritizing victims when 2 or more victims are in need of first aid • Treatment is directed in assessing which victim needs to be treated first • From most severe to least
Wound • Involves injury to a soft tissue. • 2 classifications • Open - the skin is broken • Closed - the skin is not broken
Open Wounds • Abrasion – skin scraped off • Incision – cut with sharp object, straight • Laceration – tearing of tissues, jagged cut • Puncture – caused by sharp pointed object i. e. pin or nail • Avulsion – torn or separated tissue • Amputation – body part cut off
Closed Wound • Bruise – bleeding under the skin • Sprain – injury to a joint, stretching of a ligament • Strain – injury caused by excessive stretching or overuse of a muscle.
Dressing • Cover placed over a wound or injured part • Examples • Gauze Pad
Bandage • Hold a dressing in place • Example • Roller Gauze
Infection • Invasion by organisms • Contamination by disease producing organisms or pathogens “germs”
Shock • Clinical condition characterized by various symptoms and resulting in an inadequate supply of blood and oxygen to body organs, especially the brain and heart
Fracture • Break usually a bone and or tooth
