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Resistance to Modernity Backlash to Change 1920’s

Resistance to Modernity Backlash to Change 1920’s. Revisiting WWI. Long-term cause of WWI was the system of alliances Allies rejected Wilson’s 14 points for not punishing Germany enough US Senators opposed joining the League of Nations to avoid US being dragged into European conflict

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Resistance to Modernity Backlash to Change 1920’s

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  1. Resistance to ModernityBacklash to Change1920’s

  2. Revisiting WWI • Long-term cause of WWI was the system of alliances • Allies rejected Wilson’s 14 points for not punishing Germany enough • US Senators opposed joining the League of Nations to avoid US being dragged into European conflict • Gains made by American women increased support for their right to vote

  3. Revisiting Post-War America • Fear of communism leads to the public’s negative reaction to organized labor. • Teapot Dome centers around oil-rich lands • Nativists did not like immigrants and thought the Emergency Quota Act of 1921 did not restrict immigration enough. • Urban sprawl occurs through the increased use of the automobile

  4. How did new urban values of the 1920’s clash with traditional rural society? • What were some of the causes and effects of Prohibition? • What main issue did the Scopes Trial address? • Why did the KKK gain members in the early 1920’s?

  5. Urban Vs Rural • The 1920 census revealed more Americans lived in cities • Rural America had not changed from the 19th century • City dwellers argued about scientific and social ideas; Drinking, Gambling and Casual Dating were accepted • Small town life was safe, sober, hard working, Christian with strict morals and codes of behavior

  6. Prohibition • Reformers had long since considered alcohol a prime cause of corruption • Prohibition was difficult to enforce for the following reasons : • Many people were determined to break the laws • Many law enforcement officials took bribes from smugglers and bootleggers • Insufficient funds were provided to pay for enforcement

  7. Prohibition Part II • In Jan. 1920 The 18th Amendment was passed making it illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport alcoholic beverages • 1,500 agents had to patrol 18,700 miles of coastline and combat stills

  8. Speakeasies • Americans were tired of the sacrifices after WWI • Speakeasies were underground hidden saloons and nightclubs • One presented a card or a pass-word to get in • Speakeasies were in penthouses, office buildings, rooming houses, hardware stores, and tearooms • Middle-class and upper class men and women attended

  9. Fundamentalism • Protestant Christians focused on reform activities and the literal interpretation of the bible. • They were skeptical of science and believed the biblical stories to be true • The rejected Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution which stated human beings evolved from apes • They believed in Creationism which is the earth and humans were created in six days

  10. The Scopes Trial • In March 1925 TN , a bible belt state passed a law making it a crime to teach evolution • The ACLU stated it would defend any teacher willing to test the law • John T. Scopes a young biology teacher accepted, taught evolution and was promptly arrested

  11. Eugenics • Scientific Racism • Madison Grant’s The Passing of the Great Race • Inferior Alpine, Mediterranean, and Jewish races would extinguish the Nordic Race. • People were genetically predisposition to crime & poverty ( Population control?) • Pseudoscientific thinking sought to explain historical and social development solely based on race. • Eugenics fueled Nativistic feelings and calls for “100% Americanism.”

  12. The Revival of the KKK • The Klan was reorganized in Stone Mountain, GA in 1915 • They wanted “Native White Protestant Supremacy” • It was inspired by D. W. Griffin’s racist spectacle The Birth of a Nation • Hiram Johnson took over in 1922 and mass advertised the Klan as heroes, membership in the Mid-west and the South increased

  13. KKK’s Violence • The Klan targeted some protestants, Catholics, African-Americans, Jews, and immigrants • The Klan played on feelings of Nativism and used public whippings, arson and lynching to intimidate • The Klan controlled the Democratic party in TX,OK,IN,CO,OR. • The Grand Dragon David C. Stephenson Manslaughter case discredited the KKK by 1926

  14. Women in the 1920s • Women wore flappers, consisting of stockings and pumps, a loose and short-fitting dress, and short dark hair • Women faced a double standard through stricter moral standards than men experienced • Women’s lives improved in the home due to: • Household labor simplified due to technology • Canned foods meant less time preparing food • Women had less children due to birth control

  15. American Entertainment • Charles Lindbergh is our most famous pilot • Harlem Renaissance is a celebration of African-American culture in literature, music, and art.

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