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Exploring Social Classes and Deities in Ancient Egypt

This text delves into the essential social classes of Ancient Egypt, highlighting their significance and which one might be desirable to join. It also covers the pantheon of Ancient Egyptian gods and goddesses, including Ra, Amun, Anubis, Isis, Horus, and Osiris. Each deity’s role and representation reflect the culture and beliefs of the civilization and their importance in everyday life and afterlife rituals. The impact of religion on clothing and daily customs is also explored, showcasing the intricate tapestry of Ancient Egyptian society.

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Exploring Social Classes and Deities in Ancient Egypt

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  1. Bell Ringer: 10-16 • Which social class was most important to life in Ancient Egypt? • Which Social Class in Ancient Egypt would you want to be a part of?

  2. TOC • Pg 27: Mythical Creation • Pg 28: Religion c-note

  3. Ancient Egyptian gods/goddesses

  4. Intro • Ancient Egyptians worship 2000 different gods S(Polythestic) • Akenation tried to change religion • How Gods DressS • Tunic with suspenders. • Dress with suspenders. • The short loincloth • The short-sleeved overall • The full-length dress

  5. Ra (Re) 'Sun': • Man w) hawk head & headdress w) sun disk • Sungod. • Most important god of ancient Egyptians. • Ra was swallowed every night by the sky goddess Nut, & reborn every morning. • Traveled through the underworld at night. • In the underworld, Ra appeared as a man with the head of a ram.

  6. Amun: • Man with a ram-head • Man wearing an ostrich plumed hat • One of most powerful gods in ancient Egypt-- • 'King of the Gods' • Important throughout Egyptian history. • When Amun was combined with the sun god Ra(Re) he was even more powerful. Amun-Ra. • A large and important temple was built at Thebes to honor Amun.

  7. Anubis: • Man with a jackal head • A jackal • god of embalming and the dead • Since jackals were often seen in cemeteries, the ancient Egyptians believed that Anubis watched over the dead. • Helped to embalm Osiris after he was killed by Seth. • Watched over the process of mummifying people when they died. • Priests often wore a mask of Anubis during mummification ceremonies.

  8. Isis: • Woman w) headdress in the shape of a throne • A pair of cow horns with a sun disk • Protective goddess. She used powerful magic spells to help people in need • Isis was wife of Osiris and the mother of Horus. • Since each pharaoh was considered the 'living Horus', Isis was very important. • Isis is often shown holding Horus on her lap. Isis is associated with thrones because her lap was the first 'throne' that Horus sat upon.

  9. Horus “The One Far Above” • Man with the head of a hawk • A hawk • god of the Sky • Most well-known as protector of the ruler of Egypt. • Egyptians believed pharaoh was the 'living Horus'. • Many different beliefs about Horus. • Common belief: Horus was son of Isis & Osiris. • After Osiris was murdered by his brother Seth, Horus fought with Seth for the throne of Egypt. • In this battle, Horus lost one of his eyes. The eye was restored to him and it became a symbol of protection for the ancient Egyptians. After this battle, Horus was chosen to be the ruler of the world of the living.

  10. Osiris • A mummified man wearing a white cone-like headdress with feathers • god of the dead, resurrection. ruler of the underworld • Brother/husband of Isis, and the brother of Nepthys and Seth. He was also the father of Horus. • In fact, the ancient Egyptians believed that Osiris gave them the gift of barley, one of their most important crops.

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