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Photosynthesis

This overview explores the vital processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis consists of two main stages: light-dependent reactions, where energy from sunlight is trapped and used to produce NADPH and ATP, and the Calvin Cycle, which converts CO2 into organic compounds like glucose. Cellular respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain, where glucose and oxygen are utilized to generate ATP. This comparison highlights their roles in plant metabolism, energy conversion, and the interdependence of these essential biological processes.

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Photosynthesis

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration

  2. Overview

  3. Stage 1: Trap energy from Sunlight.

  4. Pigments Accessory Pigments Absorb certain wavelengths of light while reflecting others.

  5. Overview of Photosynthesis

  6. Plants use electron carriers to transport high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules. • NADP+(nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a carrier molecule. • NADP+ picks up two high-energy electrons, along with a hydrogen ion (H+). It is then converted into NADPH. • The NADPH can then carry the high-energy electrons to be used in chemical reactions elsewhere in the cell.

  7. Light reactions: Light dependent water is split NADPH and ATP are produced

  8. Review of Light Reactions

  9. Chemiosmosis: mechanism by which ATP is produced by the flow of H ions against a concentration gradient

  10. Light Independent Reactions – Calvin Cycle

  11. Step 3: With CO2, convert temporary chemical energy into organic compounds (glucose). Calvin Cycle

  12. http://faculty.nl.edu/jste/calvin_cycle.htm

  13. Overview of Photosynthesis

  14. Factors that Affect the Rate Photosynthesis

  15. Cellular Respiration Using glucose and oxygen to make ATP for the cell’s metabolism.

  16. Overview of Cell Respiration

  17. Glycolysis • Anaerobic • Occurs in the cytoplasm • Glucose is converted to two pyruvic molecules with the help of 2 ATP • Net yield of 2 ATP are made • 2NADH are also produced

  18. Products: 2 Pyruvic Acid 2 NADH 2 ATP

  19. Aerobic Respiration Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain

  20. Aerobic Respiration • Occurs in the mitochondria • Oxygen is required for reaction to occur • Pyruvic acid is needed from glycolysis • Enzyme-directed reactions which produce CO2, ATP, FADH2 and NADH

  21. How many times does the Kreb cycle go around for one glucose molecule? How much ATP is produced in this cycle? How much ATP has been produced so far with Krebs and Glycolysis?

  22. Kreb's Cycle

  23. ETC • Electron Transport Chain • Aerobic • All NADH and FADH2 produced gives up their electrons to a series of electron accepting proteins. • Main production of ATP occurs here.

  24. How does it happen? What are the necessary reactants?

  25. Synthesis of ATP in ETC

  26. Photosynthesis compared to Cell Respiration

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