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Energy

This resource covers the fundamental concepts of momentum, impulse, and collisions in physics. It explains momentum as the product of mass and velocity (p = mv) and illustrates its conservation in different types of collisions. The impulse-momentum theorem is introduced, highlighting how force applied over time changes an object's momentum. Examples and interactive animations are provided to enhance understanding. The resource also includes links for further exploration of momentum calculations, elastic and inelastic collisions, and impulse scenarios.

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Energy

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Energy Momentum, Collisions, Impulse

  2. Momentum • A measure of how hard it is to stop a moving object • Momentum = (MASS) (VELOCITY)

  3. Momentum Equation p= m v Units p= mv = (kg)(meter) = kg·m second s

  4. Momentum animations • http://physics.weber.edu/amiri/director/Momentum.html

  5. Momentum Example 1 What is the momentum of an orange with a mass of 0.5kg thrown with a velocity of 5.0 m/s? m = 0.5kg v = 5.0 m/s p = mv = (0.5kg)(5.0 m/s) = 2.5 kg·m s

  6. Momentum Example 2 An object with a mass of 3.0 kg is traveling at a velocity of 4.0 m/s . What is its momentum?

  7. More momentum examples • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/momentum/introductoryProblems/momentumSummary1.html

  8. Conservation of Momentum Newton’s Third Law For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction! • To accelerate an object, we must apply force

  9. Conservation of Momentum • Force(s) must be external • Internal forces do not apply E.g. to accelerate a car, do you push on the dashboard?

  10. Conservation of Momentum • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/momentum/introductoryProblems/momentumSummary3.html

  11. Collisions Net momentum before collision = Net momentum after the collision

  12. Elastic Collisions • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/momentum/solvers/momentumSolvers1.htm

  13. Inelastic Collisions • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/momentum/solvers/momentumSolvers1.htm

  14. Impulse = force exerted over time Impulse changes momentum

  15. Impulse Equation J = (Force) (time) J = Ft = mΔv = Δp = m (v2-v1) = Δp (mass)(change in velocity) = change in momentum

  16. Impulse Units J= (Newton) (seconds) J = N·s • Force is in Newtons • Time is in seconds

  17. Impulse Example An 8N force acts on a 5 kg object for 3 seconds. If the initial velocity of the object was 25 m/s, what is its final velocity? F= 8 N m= 5 kg t= 3 s v1 = 25 m/s v2= ? J = Ft =(8N)(3s) = 24 N·s BUT we need to find v2 ………

  18. Impulse Example J = mΔv = m (v2-v1) = 24 N·s = 5 kg(v2 - 25 m/s) = 24 = 5 v2- 125 m/s = 125+24= 5 v2 = 149/5 = v2 = 29.8 m/s

  19. Impulse problems • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/momentum/introductoryProblems/momentumSummary2.html

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