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John m. Murrin, et al. Liberty, Equality, Power A History of the American People

John m. Murrin, et al. Liberty, Equality, Power A History of the American People. Chapter 21 Progressivism. Progressivism. Origins – Greenback Labor Party, Populists Ideology – mainstream reform which saw government as a means by which to improve the lives of citizens. Progressives.

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John m. Murrin, et al. Liberty, Equality, Power A History of the American People

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  1. John m. Murrin, et al.Liberty, Equality, PowerA History of the American People Chapter 21 Progressivism

  2. Progressivism • Origins – Greenback Labor Party, Populists • Ideology – mainstream reform which saw government as a means by which to improve the lives of citizens Progressives Democrats Republicans

  3. Progressivism • Goals • Return government to the people • Curb the trusts • Correct social injustices

  4. Muckrakers • Journalists who exposed corruption in the early 1900s. • Jacob Riis – How the Other Half Lives

  5. Muckrakers • Lincoln Steffans – The Shame of the Cities

  6. Muckrakers Ida Tarbell – History of the Standard Oil Company

  7. Muckrakers Ray Stannard Baker – Following the Color Line

  8. Muckrakers Upton Sinclair – The Jungle

  9. Settlement Houses • Jane Addams & Hull House • Chicago’s Intellectual Character

  10. Socialists • Eugene V. Debs • Labor Unions • Immigrants • Utilities • Local v. National Leaders

  11. Political Reforms • Direct Primary Elections • Voter Voice • Initiative • Referendum • Recall

  12. Political Reforms • Australian ballot • Direct election of Senators (17th Amendment) • Women’s suffrage extended

  13. Political Reforms • Child labor advances

  14. Political Reforms • Worker’s compensation laws • Maximum hours and minimum wages • ‘Dry’ laws

  15. Political Reforms • Robert La Follette • Wisconsin Progressivism

  16. Race & Progressivism • Race Riots • Booker T. Washington’s Accommodation • W.E.B. Du Bois • NAACP

  17. Election of 1900 • McKinley v Bryan (again) • Issues of Imperialism & Silver (revived by WJB) • McKinley reelected w/ Theodore Roosevelt as VP

  18. McKinley’s 2nd Administration • McKinley assassinated in September 1901 Leon Czolgosz

  19. TR – That “damn cowboy” • Force of personality • Political beliefs

  20. Roosevelt’s Square Deal • Control of corporations • Consumer protection • Conservation

  21. Roosevelt Administration • First “Modern President” • Expansion of Executive Power • “Activist President” • Meat Inspection Act & Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) • Conservation = managed consumption

  22. Roosevelt Administration • TR as “Trust Buster” • Antitrust suit against the Northern Securities Company • Initiated over 40 suits against trusts • ‘Good’ trusts should be regulated by the government

  23. Roosevelt Administration • Expansion of Federal Power • Hepburn Act (1906) – Increased the power or the ICC to regulate railroads • Department of Commerce and Labor with the Bureau of Corporations created

  24. Roosevelt Administration • Pennsylvania (Anthracite coal) Miners strike (1902) • TR forced arbitration by threatening to seize mines • First time federal government did not side with company ownership

  25. Election of 1908 • William H. Taft (R) v. William Jennings Bryan (D) • Eugene V. Debs – Socialist candidate • No TR?

  26. Taft Administration • Dollar Diplomacy – US support through investment and military / diplomatic aid • Also a ‘trustbuster’ – 90 suits in 4 years • Broke campaign promise to reduce tariffs • Policies split the Republican party forming the National Progressive Republican League

  27. www.americanrhetoric.com • Listen to two speeches by different people • Theodore Roosevelt • Woodrow Wilson • William Jennings Bryan • Eugene V. Debs • William Taft • Write a brief (one paragraph) reaction to the speech’s style and/or substance.

  28. Election of 1912 • Howard Taft – Republicans • Theodore Roosevelt – Progressives / Bull Moose • Woodrow Wilson - Democrats • Eugene V. Debs - Socialists

  29. Election of 1912 • Issues • Tariff • Trusts • Party Loyalty

  30. Election of 1912 • New Nationalism • Precursor to New Deal • Consolidation of trust and Labor • Regulation of good trusts • Women’s suffrage • Minimum Wage • Social Insurace • “In God We Trust” versus • New Freedom • Small Enterprise • Entrepreneurship • Unregulated & unmonopolized business • ‘Fragmentation not regulation’

  31. Election of 1912

  32. Wilson Administration • The New Freedom • Triple Wall of Privilege • Tariff • Banks • Trusts • Underwood Tariff Bill • reduced tariffs • 16th Amendment • Graduated / progressive income tax

  33. Federal Reserve Act • Created 12 regional reserve districts & banks • Banks issue Federal Reserve Notes

  34. Federal Reserve Board Department of the Treasury Twelve Regional Reserve Districts (Central Banks) Commercial Banks

  35. Wilson Administration • Clayton Anti-Trust Act • Federal Farm Loan Act • Louis Brandeis – 1st Jewish Justice • Race & Wilson • Wilson’s pro-labor record v. Ludlow Massacre

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