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Understanding Democracy and Monarchy: Historical Roots and Development

Explore the evolution of government from monarchy to democracy, focusing on key historical events such as the establishment of the English Parliament, the Act of Union, and democratic traditions in colonial America. Discover the significance of representative government, the influence of significant figures, and the impact of major conflicts like the French and Indian War. Learn how the principles of democracy shape modern governance and reflect on the legacy of self-government that emerged from early colonial systems.

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Understanding Democracy and Monarchy: Historical Roots and Development

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  1. Our Democratic Roots

  2. Monarchy • Government headed by a king or queen • The king or queen holds most of the power. • Subjects—people who are under the rule of others such as the king or queen in a monarchy.

  3. What is Democracy? • Democracy—government of and by the people • The people create their own government • The people make decisions

  4. What is Democracy? • Representatives • People elected by vote of the people to represent them in government • Legislature • A group of people who make laws • Sometimes called an Assembly

  5. Democratic Traditions in England • English Parliament • Made laws in England along with the king • Made up of two houses or groups • House of Commons elected by men who owned property • House of Lords—made up of aristocracy • King did not have the power to tax subjects • Parliament had to approve all taxes.

  6. England Becomes Great Britain • Act of Union in 1707 • Approved by parliaments of England and Scotland • Combined the kingdoms of England, Scotland and Wales into one nation • The new nation is called Great Britain • The 13 American colonies became part of Great Britain

  7. Virginia House of Burgesses • 1619—Virginia Company appointed governor for Virginia • Created an __________________ called the Virginia ______________ of _________________ to advise the _____________ • Allowed all white ________________ who owned ____________ to vote assembly Burgesses House king men property

  8. Mayflower Compact government • Created a __________________ based on _____________ or _____________ of the people • Pilgrims agreed to allow the _______________ to help ______________ representatives as long as they agreed to ______________ the __________ • Strangers—people with the _____________ but did not follow their ________________ • Allowed _______________________ to make laws for them consent agreement strangers elect obey laws Pilgrims religion representatives

  9. Democracy in Massachusetts invested money • At first only those who ____________________ in the colony could _______________ • Later, ______________________ could ___________ for governor and representatives in the assembly vote church members vote

  10. Colonial Laws Connecticut • Fundamental _________________ of _______________ • Gave all property owners the right to ____________ and _____________ powers of the ________________ Maryland • Allowed settlers to ___________ and _____________ • Religious Toleration Act—granted _____________ to most _____________________ Orders Connecticut vote limited governor elect assembly freedom religions

  11. The French and Indian War War France • _________ against ________________ and its _____________ ____________ for ___________ of the _________________________ in North America • Both sides wanted the_____________________ like ______, ___________, ________, and _________ • France and England had been bitter ___________ for over ________ years. Indian allies control Ohio River Valley natural resources iron copper timber fish rivals 100

  12. Costly War Seven • _____________ years (officially started in 1756) • Called “Seven Years’ War in England • Spread from North America to ________________ • The _______________ were winning at first. • British Prime Minister _________________ increased British _______________ of the war • French eventually surrendered • British in debt—war was expensive Europe French William Pitt support

  13. Treaty of Paris of 1763 Ended • ________________the French and Indian War • ___________________ won • French ______________ all of its land in ____________ America • Great Britain took control of all land from the _________________ to the _________________ including ___________________ • _________________ took control of Florida and land west of the Mississippi River The British lost North Atlantic Ocean Mississippi River Canada Spain

  14. Colonial Self Government The Colonists • Enjoyed having their own freedom • Thought only their own assembly should be able to tax them. • Wanted to elect their own representatives and be governed by their own colony.

  15. Links • http://www.havefunwithhistory.com/ French and Indian War • http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/frin.htm • http://www.kidport.com/reflib/usahistory/frenchindian/frenindwar.htm

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