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The Renaissance

The Renaissance. Italian Renaissance. Begins in the late 1300’s to the end of the 1600’s It started because a handful of Italian thinkers called it a new age They called it “rinascita” or “rebirth” now called Renaissance

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The Renaissance

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  1. The Renaissance

  2. Italian Renaissance • Begins in the late 1300’s to the end of the 1600’s • It started because a handful of Italian thinkers called it a new age • They called it “rinascita” or “rebirth” now called Renaissance • It led to a modern change in the way people thought about their place in the world • The new themes of this time period share similar themes to the time periods before including humanism

  3. Why Italy? • Home of Ancient Rome • City-States • Wealth of Italy • Fall of Constantinople • Printing Press

  4. Home of Ancient Rome • The glory of ancient Rome was still visible in Italy and Rome especially • Italians had a base of art, architecture, and engineering marvels to study from • The idea that they were connected to this greatness inspired the Italians to strive for greatness

  5. Italian City-States • Italy was not one country but a series of individual city-states • This bred competition between the city-states each striving to be better than the other • They all created their own style and contributed to art, architecture, science, etc. in different ways • Some major cities are: Milan, Florence, and Venice

  6. Wealth of Italy • Italy became a center for trade during the Middle Ages • It was a central point for trade from Asia and the Middle East after the Crusades • Wealthy families made tremendous money during the Middle Ages • They began to invest it into artist, scientist, etc. • These artist were able to focus on their craft and not work regular jobs

  7. Fall of Constantinople • Constantinople was the center for learning in the Eastern Roman Empire • The knowledge of Greek & Roman thinkers was kept alive here • Italian thinkers went to Constantinople and thinkers from Constantinople went to Italy to share knowledge • When the city fell many thinkers left for Italy with their knowledge

  8. Johannes Gutenberg • Johannes or Johann Gutenberg is from Germany • He was born into rich family • He worked as a blacksmith, printer, inventor, and business man • He invented the printing press in 1448

  9. Printing Press • Gutenberg revolutionized printing by creating his printing press • This made literature more available to the population • It was faster and cheaper to produce books • Individual letters and symbols were punched into softer metals by metal pieces • The softer metal was coated in ink and then using a press the words were pressed into paper • The first mass produced book by Gutenberg was the bible now called the Gutenberg Bibles

  10. Renaissance City-States • Milan • Focused more on science and engineering • Florence • Focused more on art and architecture • Venice • Focused more on trading and consumerism

  11. Renaissance Milan • One of the most power Italian city-states • The cultural center of the Renaissance in Europe • Ruled by power families like the Viscontis & the Sforzas • da Vinci did come to Milan where he painted his famous “Last Supper” • They were also famous for metalwork (ex: suits of armor)

  12. Renaissance Florence • It had no port but it was a banking city and their florin was the standard coin for Europe • The reemergence of the dome in architecture started in Florence with Brunelleschi • Painting and sculpting became huge parts of the arts in Florence • Michelangelo & Botticelli spent much of their time in Florence • Michelangelo sculpted his famous “David” here and the Medici’s got him the job at the Sistine Chapel • Botticelli was the Medici’s personal painter

  13. Renaissance Venice • It was not just a city-state but an empire that had control of various Mediterranean islands • It was a port city that had plenty of buyers for their artistic goods • They had highly selective schools of art • They became the center for the European book trade • This was the birthplace of great traders like Marco Polo

  14. Italian Wars • Powerful monarchs of Europe wanted to take advantage of the Italian city-states • France’s Charles VII took over Naples • Northern Italian city-states looked to Spain for help against France • Spain eventually sacks Rome

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