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Understanding Abfraction: Implications for Dental Care

Explore the concept of abfraction in dentistry, focusing on its pathologic effects and evaluation methods. Learn about tooth flexure, causes of cervical tooth notches, and predictors of non-carious tooth tissue loss. Discover the significance of factors like acidic diet and toothbrush abrasion in dental health assessment.

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Understanding Abfraction: Implications for Dental Care

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  1. Patient: 64 yr old Hispanic Male • Pt presents with Parkinson’s disease. • Pt reports eating a lot of lemons. • Pt uses a medium bristle toothbrush.

  2. ABFRACTION • Pathologic loss of tooth structure from biomechanical forces on the tooth (tooth flexion, compression, and tension) along with chemical degradation, most visible as a V-shaped notches in cervical area of tooth. -Darby

  3. Abnormal tooth Flexure • In vitro studies and Finite Element Analysis (Geramy & Sharafoddin, 2003) demonstrated that tooth flexure disrupts the bonds between enamel rods, causing microfractures and, eventually, loss of tooth substance

  4. How to Evaluate: • Check for signs of TMD • Check maximum opening • Check for corrosive factors • Acidic diet • Acid reflux • Evaluate for toothbrush abrasion. Deep abfraction with dentin exposure.

  5. Chan, D., Browning, W., Pohjola, R., Hackman, S., Myers, M. (2006) Predictors of non-carious loss of cervical tooth tissues. Operative Dentistry,31(1),84-88.

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