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Problem Solving

Problem Solving. Techniques for solving problems in physical science. Problem solving. To solve a problem, you use what you already know to figure out something you want to know. A four step technique. Step 1: Looking For. What is the problem asking for?

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Problem Solving

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  1. Problem Solving Techniques for solving problems in physical science

  2. Problem solving • To solve a problem, you use what you already know to figure out something you want to know.

  3. A four step technique

  4. Step 1: Looking For • What is the problem asking for? • Figure out exactly what variables or values need to be in the answer. • Example: A 6-gram marble, placed in a graduated cylinder of water, raises the water from 30 mL to 32 mL. Calculate the marble’s volume and density. • What is the problem asking for? • Volume and density

  5. Step 2: Given • What information are you given? • Sometimes this includes numbers or values. Other times it includes descriptive information to interpret. • Example: A 6-gram marble, placed in a graduated cylinder of water, raises the water from 30 mL to 32 mL. Calculate the marble’s volume and density. • What are you given? • The mass of the marble is 6g. The water level was raised from 30mL to 32mL.

  6. Step 3: Relationships • What relationships exist between what you are asked to find and what you are given? • Example: A 6-gram marble, placed in a graduated cylinder of water, raises the water from 30 mL to 32 mL. Calculate the marble’s volume and density. • The relationship for density mass and volume is D = m/V.

  7. Step 4: Solution • Combine the relationships with what you know to find what you are asked for. • Once you complete steps 1 through 3, you will be able to see how to solve most problems. • Example: A 6-gram marble, placed in a graduated cylinder of water, raises the water from 30 mL to 32 mL. Calculate the marble’s volume and density. • Volume: 32mL – 30mL = 2mL • Density = 6g/2mL = 3g/mL

  8. Design Problems • Unlike “formula problems,” design problems have many correct solutions limited only by your creativity, ingenuity, skill, and patience. • Example: Create a container that will protect a raw egg from breaking when dropped 10 meters onto a sidewalk.

  9. Useful Steps for Solving Design Problems • 1. Write down everything your solution needs to accomplish. • 2. Write down every constraint that must also be met. Constraints are limits on cost, weight, time, materials, size, or other things. • 3. Think up an idea that might work. Talking with others, doing research, and trying things out are all ways to help. • 4. Follow the design cycle.

  10. Design Cycle

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