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ANCIENT SUMER

ANCIENT SUMER. 8,000 B.C.E. – 2,000 B.C.E. Location: The Fertile Crescent. Mrs. I. Gonzalez. Controlling the Water. Major Source of Water: Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Challenges: These 2 rivers flood every spring Land SUPER marshy (hard to grow stuff) Solutions: dams, canals, dikes

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ANCIENT SUMER

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  1. ANCIENT SUMER 8,000 B.C.E. – 2,000 B.C.E. Location: The Fertile Crescent Mrs. I. Gonzalez

  2. Controlling the Water • Major Source of Water: Tigris and Euphrates Rivers • Challenges: • These 2 rivers flood every spring • Land SUPER marshy (hard to grow stuff) • Solutions: • dams, canals, dikes • Drain the marshy land

  3. Agriculture in Sumer • Land conditions: silt deposits from the annual flooding make great soil for growing a variety of crops • Inventions and technology related to agriculture: • Ox plow • Bronze • Wheeled vehicles • A number system with base 60 • Crops: • barley • Dates • Peas • Wheat • beans • Flax • Olives • grapes

  4. Jobs in Sumer(Division of Labor) Trader (sailboats) baker artist builder mason scribe metal worker merchant priest teacher sculpter (potters wheel) weaver crafts person government official

  5. Sumerian Cities(infrastructure) Cities • Eridu • Nippur • Lagash • Kish • Ur • Sippar • Adab • Umma • Larsa • Akshak • Larak • Bad-tibira • Erech • City Design • Wall is built around entire city • Ziggurats in center of city • Public buildings and marketplaces built around the ziggurat

  6. Written • Language Notable Leaders • BeliefSystem/ Government • Cuneiform (a type of hieroglyphic writing) • Clay tablets and stylus • Cuneiform evolved from hieroglyphic system to a phonetic alphabet • Each city state ruled by an ensi (priest king) • Each ensi represented the “local god” • Each local god represented a force of nature • King Etana (ruler of Kish and 1st documented ensi) • King Enmelgaragesi (built the temple of Enlit at Nippur) • King Mesanesada (made Ur the capital of Sumer) • King Shulgi (2100 B.C.E.) • Gilgamesh • Lugulbanda • Lugalzaggisi

  7. ANCIENT SUMER TIMELINE

  8. SOURCES

  9. SOURCES

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